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Biology Ch. 8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | Compound used by cells to store and release energy |
| Heterotroph | Organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer |
| Autotroph | Organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer. |
| Photosynthesis | Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches. |
| Pigment | Light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy. |
| Chlorophyll | Principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms |
| Thylakoid | Sac-like photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts. |
| Stroma | Fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids. |
| NADP+ | Carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules. (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) |
| Light-Dependent Reactions | Set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH. |
| Light-Independent Reactions | Set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin Cycle. |
| Photosystem | Cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoid. |
| Electron Transport Chain | Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions |
| ATP Synthase | Cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it. |
| Calvin Cycle | Light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar. |
Created by:
rhacker
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