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Sociology Chapter 6

MIDTERM 1

TermDefinition
Rehabilitation Reform criminals so that they may reenter society
Incapacitation Remove criminals from society by imprisoning them
Retribution Retaliate or take revenge for a crime that's been committed
Deterrence Prevent crime by threatening harsh penalties
Crime Violation of a norm that has been codified into law
Passing Stigmatized individuals may try to pass as if they are part of the mainstream
Stigma Coined by Erving Goffman, describes any physical or social attribute that devalues a person or group's identity, & which may exclude those who are devalued from normal social interaction
Stereotype Threat Self-fulfilling prophecy in which the fear of performing poorly, & thereby confirming stereotypes lead to positive performance outcomes
Labeling Theory Howard Becker, symbolic interactionist perspective developed by Becker
Differential Association A symbolic interactionist perspective developed by Edwin Sutherland
Rebels Don't accept the goals of the society or the means of achieving those goals, so they create their own goals using new means
Retreatists Don't accept the goals of the society or the means of achieving these goals
Ritualists Aren't interested in the goals of the society but they do accept the means of achieving those goals
Innovators Accept the goals of society, but they look new, or innovative, ways of achieving those goals
Conformists Accept the goals of society & the means of achieving those goals
Structural Strain Theory Robert Merton, Goals people want to achieve, but they cannot always reach these goals; thus creates the strain since we are aware of goals but cannot reach them
Deviance is result of? Social Conflict
Deviance Behavior, trait, or belief that departs a norm & generates a negative reaction
Created by: aleahgoodson
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