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9 Week Exam Review
Energy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Kinetic energy | Energy of motion |
| Potential energy | Stored energy or energy of position |
| Gravitational Potential Energy | The energy an object has because of its position in a gravitational field. It is higher than its original position. |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | Energy can neither be created or destroyed it just changes form |
| Thermal Energy | The internal energy in substances. Energy of moving or vibrating molecules within substances. Heat energy. |
| Chemical Energy | Energy that is stored in the chemical composition of matter. |
| Electrical Energy | Energy of moving electrons through an electric charge. |
| Energy transformations | The change of energy from one form to another. |
| Radiant Energy | Energy that travels by waves or particles, particularly electromagnetic radiation such as heat or x-rays. |
| Conduction | The process by which energy is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object by means of physical contact. (Heat through direct touch) |
| Convection | A process by which energy is transferred in gases and liquids, occurring when a warmer, less dense area of gas or liquid is pushed up by a cooler, more dense area of the gas or liquid. (Heat through a fluid) |
| Radiation | Energy that travels across distances in the forms of electromagnetic waves. (Heat through open space) |
| Thermal equilibrium | When two objects are placed in contact, heat is transferred from one to the other until they reach the same temperature. |
| Coal | A black or dark-brown combustible mineral substance consisting of carbonized vegetable matter, used as a fuel. Non-renewable, pollutes the Earth, but is cheap. |
| Oil | A smooth, thick liquid that is used as a fuel and for making the parts of machines move smoothly. Non-renewable, pollutes the Earth, but is cheap. |
| Natural gas | Flammable gas, consisting largely of methane and other hydrocarbons, occurring naturally underground. Non-renewable, pollutes the Earth, but is cheap. |
| Nuclear power | The energy released during nuclear fission or fusion. Non-renewable, is cheaper than other alternatives, but can be very dangerous. |
| Biomass | Organic matter used as a fuel, especially in a power station for the generation of electricity. Renewable but can be expensive to mine and store. |
| Hydropower | Hydroelectric power. Renewable, abundant where there is water, but can be expensive to build. |
| Geothermal | Thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Renewable, clean energy, but can cause earthquakes. |
| Solar | Radiant energy emitted by the sun. Renewable, abundant, but can be expensive to build and store. |
| Sound Energy | The movement of energy through objects or substances in longitudinal (compression) waves. |
| Mechanical Energy | The movement of objects or substances from one place to another. |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: A hot air balloon rising through the air. | Convection |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: Feeling the warmth from the heater in your car with out touching the vents. | Radiation |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: A pot being heated on a stove top. | Conduction |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: A spoon warming up in a cup of hot chocolate. | Conduction |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: The concrete heating from the sun. | Radiation |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: Water boiling causing bubbles to rise and fall. | Convection |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: A cool front coming in, pushing warm air (less dense air) up into the sky. | Convection |
| Conduction, Convection, or Radiation: A heat lamp melting candy without touching it. | Radiation |
| Balanced Forces | Two forces acting in opposite directions on an object, and equal in size. |
| Unbalanced Forces | A force that changes the position, speed or direction of the object to which it is applied. |
| Force | A push or a pull. |
| Newton | The unit of force. |
| Wind energy | Describes the process by which wind is used to generate electricity. Renewable, abundant, but can be harmful to wildlife. |
| Motion | An object moving or being moved. |
| Net Force | The overall (total) forces acting on an object. |
Created by:
DDenney
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