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Cataracts

QuestionAnswer
Cataract opacity of lens
Traumatic causes Blunt injury; Penetrating injury; Intraocular foreign bodies; Radiation exposure
Toxic causes Corticosteroids; Phenothiazine derivatives; Miotic agents
Associated causes DM, Hypoparathyroidism; Down syndrome; Chronic sunlight exposure
Complicated causes Retinitis pigmentosa; Glaucoma; Retinal detachment
Important Hx questions Recent/past trauma to eye; Exposure to radioactive; Systemic disease; Use of corticosteroids, chlorpromazine, miotics; Intraocular disease
Early S/S Blurred vision; Decreased color vision
Late S/S Diplopia; Reduced acuity progressing to blindness; Absent red reflex; White pupil
Age-related cataracts No pain or eye redness
Pre-op Diamox Reduces IOP
Extracapsular cataract extraction removal of anterior capsule & lens
Intracapsular extraction removal of anterior & posterior capsule and lens; disadvantage is increased risk of retinal detachment
Phacoemulsion sound waves to break up cataractous lens into small pieces (Extracapsular)
Post-removal loss of accommodative power & aphakia (loss of refractive ability)
Activities that increase IOP Bending from waist; Sneezing/coughing; Blowing nose; Straining; Vomiting; Sex; Head in dependent position; Tight shirt collars
Post-op complications Increased IOP, infection
Post-op Activity Cooking & light housekeeping OK; No vacuuming, driving, or golf
Post-Op S/S to report Sharp/sudden eye px; Bleeding/increased discharge; Lid swelling; Decreased vision; Flashes of light/floating shapes
Created by: jlee12406
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