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science chapter 2
Question | Answer |
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Erosion | In earth science, erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that remove soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, then transport it away to another location. |
deposition | the process in which material is laid down |
rock | the solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets, exposed on the surface or underlying the soil or oceans. |
rock cycle | The rock cycle is a basic concept in geology that describes the time-consuming transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, |
composition | the nature of something's ingredients or constituents; the way in which a whole or mixture is made up. |
texture | the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rocks grains |
intrusive igneous rock | is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava |
extrusive igneous rock | Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten rock material. There are two basic types. Intrusive igneous rocks crystallize below Earth's surface, and the slow cooling that occurs there allows large crystals to form. |
strata | a layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground. |
stratification | the placing of seeds close together in layers in moist sand or peat to preserve them or to help them germinate. |
foliated | the texture of metamorphic |
nonfoliated | is an plans and lines |
sedimentary rock | grains of sand and other sediment are eroded from hills to ocean which form layers. |
what makes the rock cycle in order | Weathering & Erosion. Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks on the surface of the earth are constantly being broken down by wind and water. ... Transportation. ... Deposition. ... Compaction & Cementation. ... Metamorphism. ... Rock Melting. |
sedimentary types | sandstone, limestone, |
igneous formation/category | Formed from the cooling of molten rock. |
metamorphic formation/category | Formed from older "parent" rock (either igneous or sedimentary) under intense heat and/or pressure at depths beneath the earth's surface. |
sedimentary formation/category | Formed in layers as the result of moderate pressure on accumulated sediments. |
kinds of textures or rock how/why | coarse-grained, fine-grained, and glassy. rock became solid or crystallized from liquid, melted rock. |
rock classification | sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous |
igneous types | granite, basalt |
felsic | light colored, feldspar and quartz |
mafic | made of magnesium and iron |
how sediment is classified | Sedimentary rocks are formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of material. |
metamorphic classification | strong banding and orientation of rocks, very hard |
igneous classification | Crystallization of minerals. brittle |