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evol. psy 307Slide4

Inclusive fitness

TermDefinition
inclusive fitness CF + effects on reproductive success of kin
group selection can't work because if someone helps others over kin and self, increase other's gene survival over yours
true altruism cannot exit because helping non-kin will be selected out
adaptations must be reliably expressed, economical, contribute to solving specific problems
genetic drift changes not due to selection: founder effects, genetic bottlenecks
founder effects group invades new area and thrives to a greater extent than species in other areas (ex. out of Asia to Americas)
genetic bottlenecks population decimated by event not influenced by selection (ex. volcano)
adaptation does not produce optimal designs because passive (best of available), evolutionary time lag, cost/benefit trade off, biological system constraints
evolutionary time lag change by other species, climate, , technology
cost/benefit trade off most traits have multiple impacts (turtle's shell: protection vs movement)
biological system constraints based on current life-forms (ex. no silicon based lifeforms)
immutable unchanging over time or unable to be changed
human behavior is not imutable traits are an interaction of genes and environment
not only evolution based behavior informs its morality: society places values on behavior (vigilante justice, eating sugar)
first life 4 bya
first mammals 200 mya
first vertebrates 400 mya
first placental mammals 65 mya
first primates 50-65 mya
first apes 25-30 mya
human line splits from apes 6 mya
first bipedal locomotion 4 mya
first stone tool use 2.5 mya
fire harnessed (cooking) 1.6 mya
cooking food easier to digest eater gets more calories for a given food eaten (needed to increase brain size)
hominoid brain begins rapid expansion, diverging from great ape 1.2 mya
homo sapiens spread to all continents besides Americas 40 kya
Created by: james22222222
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