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Anatomy
Chapters 3,4,5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| absorption | the taking in of materials by cells or tissues |
| active transport | the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy from a lesser concentration to a greater concentration |
| adipose(fat) | stores excess fat cushions generates heat |
| areolar(loose) | subcutaneous connects skin to muscle |
| blood | plasma-transport materials RBCs- carry oxygen WBCs-destroy pathogens platelets-prevent blood loss |
| bone | -supports the body -protects the internal organs from mechanical injury -stores excess calcium -contains red bone marrow |
| cartilage | -keeps airway open -smooth to prevent friction -supports, maintains shape -absorbs shock,permits movement |
| cell | smallest living unit in the body |
| centrioles | organizer of spindle fibers for the distribution of chromosomes during cell division |
| cereumen | earwax |
| cilia | sweep materials across the cell surface |
| cilitated epithelium | the tissue that has motile cilia on the free surface of the cell |
| columnar | tall and narrow |
| connective tissue | tissue that connects, support, transport, or stores materials |
| cuboidal | cube shaped |
| cytoskeleton | gives shape to the cells, and contributes to the movement of the cell |
| dehydration | lack of water |
| dermis | inner layer of skin |
| diffusion | movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| elastic | within the walls of large arteries- help maintain blood pressure around alveoli in lungs-promote normal exhalation |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | passageway for transport of materials within the cell |
| epidermis | outer layer of skin |
| epithelial tissue | coverings and lining |
| facilitated diffusion(help or assist) | the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier protein |
| fibrous | -tendons and ligaments -strong to withstand force -dermis-strong inner layer of skin |
| filtration(push through) | the process in which water and dissolved materials move through a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure |
| flagellan | long appendage that enables a cell to move(sperm cell) |
| glands | a cell, a group of cells or an organ that produces a secretion for uses elsewhere in the body or in a body cavitiy or the elimination from the body |
| Goblet cell | secretes mucus |
| Golgi Apparatus | packaging of materials for secretion from the cell |
| hair follicles | structure within the skin in which the hair grows |
| hair root | new cells grow |
| hair shaft | push through the surface of the skin |
| lysosomes | container of enzymes that digest ingested foreign material such as bacterial or digest and recycle damaged tissue or cellular parts |
| meiosis(twice to four cells) | the process of cell division in which one cell with the diploid number of chromosomes divides twice to form four cells, each with haploid number of chromosomes |
| melanocytes | produce melanin |
| membranes | thin layers of tissues that cover a surface, line a cavity, or divide a space or an organ |
| microvilli | folds of membranes of a cell that increase its surface area |
| mitochondria | site of aerobic respiration; production of ATP |
| mitosis | the process of cell division in which one cell with the diploid #of chromosomes divides once to form two identical cells, each with diploid # of chromosomes |
| mucous membrane | line the body tracts that have openings to the environment |
| mucous | keeps the cell wet |
| muscle tissue | contraction |
| nail follicles | produce nails |
| nail root | portion of the nail buried in fold of skin |
| nucleus | double-layered nuclear membrane with many pores |
| osmosis | diffusion of water |
| pilomotor | muscle that causes erection of hairs on skin |
| pleural membrane | serous membrane that enclose the lungs and line the chest wall |
| receptors | specialized cell or nerve ending that responds to a particular change such as light,sound,heat,touch or pressure |
| ribosomes | site of protein synthesis |
| sebaceous glands | oil glands |
| selectively permeable | some substances can pass across them and others cannot |
| serous membrane | a thin membrane lining that a closed cavities of the body |
| simple | single layer of cells |
| simple squamous epithelium | single layer of flat cells |
| skeletal muscle | straited/voluntary |
| simple cubiodal epithelium | single layer of cube shaped cells |
| smooth muscle | involuntary/visceral |
| squamous | flat cells |
| stratified | many layers of cells |
| stratified | consists of many layers of flat cells |
| stratum corneum | outer most layer of epidermis |
| stratum germinatium | new cells grow |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform the same function |
| transitional epithelium | stratified epithelium in which the surface cells change shape from round to squamous |
Created by:
Brinab09
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