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Quiz 2 receptors
| Phosphorylation | The chemical process of adding a phosphate group to a molecular compound. |
| G protein-coupled receptor kinase | An enzyme that catalyzes phosphorylations within cells in response to G-proteins |
| Arrestin | Proteins that inhibit G protein-coupled receptors following phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptor kinases |
| Tyrosine kinase | Enzymes that act as on/off switches by transferring their attached phosphate group to other molecules in the cell to activate or deactivate them |
| Calmodulin | A molecule that binds to calcium and mediates calcium's secondary messenger actions |
| Glycosylation | A chemical reaction that attaches carbohydrate to proteins or other molecules |
| Catecholamines | A group of molecules dervied from amino acid tyrosine including epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine |
| Ionotropic receptors | Proteins receptors within the plasma membrane that form an ion channel pore |
| Metabotropic receptors | Protein receptors within the plasma membrane that stimulate changes within the cell often via G proteins and activation of secondary messengers |
| Hormone response element | A short sequence of DNA within the promoter region of a gene that binds to a hormone-receptor complex to control gene expression |
| Cyclic AMP | A secondary messenger derived from ATP that initiates multiple biochemical reactions within the cells in response to hormone-receptor binding |
| Signal transduction | A process in which an external signal outside a cell is converted into biochemical changes within the cell |
| G Protein | Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins are intracellular membrance-associated proteins that initiate biochemical reactions within the cell when receptors are activated by chemical signals |
| Iodothyronine deiodinases | An enzyme that removes iodine from thyronin molecules |
| Enzyme-coupled receptors | Receptors within plasma membrane that upon contact with a chemical messenger cause the intracellular part of the receptor to catalyze a reaction |
| Prohormone | A committed precursor of a hormone, usually having mininal hormonal effect by itself |
| Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (sNRPs-snurps) | Enzymes that remove introns from the pre-mRNA before it leaves the nucleus |
| Clathrin | A surface protein found on cellular vesicles. It has a recognition site for the appropriate molecule to be transported within the correct vesicle to outside of the cell |
| Adenyl Cyclase | An enzyme that catalyzes ATP to cAMP in response to G-proteins |
| Phospholiapse C | Membrane-associated enzymes, which cleave fatty acids and are involved in signal transduction |
| Internalization | A process by which membrane receptors are lost due to endocytosis and recycling of receptors |
| Ligand | A molecule that binds to a receptor such as a hormone or a neurotransmitter |
| Microsomes | Intracellular calcium stores |
Created by:
Jackline2