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IGHS Winkels

Physical Science Chapter 1

TermDefinition
science a system of knowledge and the methods you use to find that knowledge
technology the use of knowledge to solve practical problems
chemistry the study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter
physics the study of matter and energy and the interactions between the two through forces and motion
geology the study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth
astronomy the study of the universe beyond Earth, including the sun, moon, planets, and stars
biology the study of living things
scientific method an organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information
observation information that you obtain through your senses
hypothesis a proposed answer to a question
manipulated variable the variable that causes a change in another
responding variable the variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable
controlled experiment an experiment in which only one variable, the manipulated variable, is deliberately changed at a time
scientific theory a well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results
scientific law a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature
model a representation of an object or event
scientific notation a way of expressing a value as the product of a number between1 and 10 and a power of 10
length the straight-line distance between two points
mass the quantity of matter in an object or sample
volume the amount of space taken up by an object
density the ratio of an object's mass to its volume
conversion factor a ratio of equivalent measurements that is used to convert a quantity expressed in one unit to another unit
precision a gauge of how exact a measurement is
significant figures all the digits that are known in a measurement plus the last digit that is estimated
accuracy the closeness of a measurement to the actual value of what is being measured
thermometer is an instrument that measures temperature, or how hot an object is
slope of this line is the ratio of a vertical change to the corresponding horizontal change
direct proportion a relationship in which the ratio of two variables is contant
inverse proportion a relationship in which the product of two variables is a constant
Created by: Winkels
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