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Chapter 5
Disease and disease-Producing Organisms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Disease | Abnormality of the structure or function of a part,organ,or sytems |
| Pathophysiology | Study of the physiologic basis of disease |
| Etiology | The study of a disease's cause or theory |
| Idiopathic (Idio) | A disease without a known cause (self-originating) |
| iatrogenic Disease (iatro) | The adverse effects of treatment, including drug treatment and surgery (Physician or medicine) |
| Epidemiology | Study of disease in populations |
| Epidemic | A occurrence of a disease among many people at the same time |
| Endemic | Describing a disease that is found at low incidence but constantly within the population of a given region |
| Pandemic (pan) | Disease that is prevalent through out an entire country ,Continent ,or the world (all) |
| Diagnosis | The nature of identity of the illness |
| Symtoms | Disease conditions experienced by the patient |
| Signs | Objective manifestations,a rash a rapid pulse or wheezing |
| Syndrome | A complex disorder characterized by a cluster of typical symptoms and signs |
| Acute | Severe but last a short time |
| Chronic | Often less severe but are likely to be continuous or recurring for long periods |
| Subacute | Intermediate between acute and chronic. not a severe as acute disorders nor as long lasting as chronic ones |
| Prognosis (gnosis) | A prediction of the probable outcome of the disease (knowledge) |
| Therapy | A course of treament |
| Microorganisms (micro) (organism) | A tiny living thing, too small to be seen by the naked eye (very small) (anything having life) |
| Parasites | Organisms that live on or within a living host at the host exense |
| Host | An organism where parasites live |
| Pathogen | Any disease-causing microorganism |
| Infection | Invasion of the body by microorganisms that result in illness |
| Virulence | has the ability to cause disease |
| Systemic | An infection or condition |
| Opportunistic infection | An infection that takes hold because the host has been compromised or weakened |
| Communicable Disease | One that can be transmitted from one person to another contagious |
| Vector | An insect or other animal that transmits a disease causing organism from one host to another |
| Microbiology | The study of micro spic organisms |
| Bacteria | Single cell organisms that grow in a variety of environments |
| Viruses | Small infectious agents that can multiply only within living cells |
| Fungi (myclo) | Single celled yeasts and multi cellular molds (fungus) |
| Protozoa | single-cell amimals |
| Anaerobic | Can grow only in the absence of oxygen |
| Aerobic | Requires oxygen |
| Facultative anaerobes | Can use oxygen if it is present but are able to grow without oxygen if it is not avaliable |
| Endospores | produce resistant forms that develops in side some bacteria |
| Toxins | Produced posin |
| Helminths | Many spices of worms |
| Arthropods | Diverse group of organisms including insects and arachnids |
| Asepsis | A condition in which no pathogens are present |
| Sterilization | kill every living microorganism on or with it |
| Disinfection | Chemicals that kill most microorganisms |
| Antiseptic | disinfectants applied o skin and other living surfaces |
| Antibiotics | A substance produced by living cells that has the power to kill or arrest the growth of bacteria |
| Nosocomial (nosocomial) | infections in the hospital (hospital) |
Created by:
jessica09brown
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