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AP BIO
CH 53
Question | Answer |
---|---|
species richness | number of species in a community |
relative abundance | how many of a species vs how many of another |
species diversity | considers species richness and relative abundance |
individualistic hypothesis | species live together because of similar abiotic requirements |
interactive hypothesis | species live together because of positive biotic interactions |
coevolution | a change in one species forces a change in another species |
predation | a predator eats its prey |
parasitism | predators live off their prey without killing them outright |
parasitoidism | insects lay eggs inside a host |
herbivory | animals eat plants |
cryptic coloration | camouflage |
aposematic coloration | warning colors to defend from predators |
mimicry | superficial resemblance to another species |
Batesian mimicry | harmless species mimics a harmful one |
Mullerian mimicry | two or more harmless species resemble each other |
parasite | predator who feeds off of a host |
host | organism fed on by a parasite |
endoparasite | live inside a host |
ectoparasite | feeds on the external surface of a host |
competitive exclusion principle | two species with similar needs cannot exist in the same place |
ecological niche | sum of an organisms use of biotic and abiotic resources in its environment |
realized niche | resources a population uses collectively |
fundamental niche | set of resources an organism theoretically could use |
resource partitioning | use resources in different ways |
symbiosis | species living together |
parasitism | one benefits, one is harmed (+/-) |
commensalism | one benefits, one unaffected (+/0) |
mutualism | both parties benefit (+/+) |
keystone species | species that have a very strong impact on the community structure |
exotic species | an introduced species |
stability | maintaining an equilibrium |
disturbances | events that damage communities |
ecological succession | transition in species over time |
primary succession | first transitions |
secondary transitions | established communities change |
dynamic equilibrium hypothesis | species diversity depends on disturbances |
recruitment | change in community structure due to disturbances |
intermediate disturbance hypothesis | diversity is greatest where disturbances are moderate in both frequency and severity |