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AP BIO
CH 53
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| species richness | number of species in a community |
| relative abundance | how many of a species vs how many of another |
| species diversity | considers species richness and relative abundance |
| individualistic hypothesis | species live together because of similar abiotic requirements |
| interactive hypothesis | species live together because of positive biotic interactions |
| coevolution | a change in one species forces a change in another species |
| predation | a predator eats its prey |
| parasitism | predators live off their prey without killing them outright |
| parasitoidism | insects lay eggs inside a host |
| herbivory | animals eat plants |
| cryptic coloration | camouflage |
| aposematic coloration | warning colors to defend from predators |
| mimicry | superficial resemblance to another species |
| Batesian mimicry | harmless species mimics a harmful one |
| Mullerian mimicry | two or more harmless species resemble each other |
| parasite | predator who feeds off of a host |
| host | organism fed on by a parasite |
| endoparasite | live inside a host |
| ectoparasite | feeds on the external surface of a host |
| competitive exclusion principle | two species with similar needs cannot exist in the same place |
| ecological niche | sum of an organisms use of biotic and abiotic resources in its environment |
| realized niche | resources a population uses collectively |
| fundamental niche | set of resources an organism theoretically could use |
| resource partitioning | use resources in different ways |
| symbiosis | species living together |
| parasitism | one benefits, one is harmed (+/-) |
| commensalism | one benefits, one unaffected (+/0) |
| mutualism | both parties benefit (+/+) |
| keystone species | species that have a very strong impact on the community structure |
| exotic species | an introduced species |
| stability | maintaining an equilibrium |
| disturbances | events that damage communities |
| ecological succession | transition in species over time |
| primary succession | first transitions |
| secondary transitions | established communities change |
| dynamic equilibrium hypothesis | species diversity depends on disturbances |
| recruitment | change in community structure due to disturbances |
| intermediate disturbance hypothesis | diversity is greatest where disturbances are moderate in both frequency and severity |
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