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2009-10 AP Govt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Block grants | broad program grants given more or less automatically to states and communities, which exercise discretion in how the money is spent. |
| Categorical Grants | Grants that can be used for a spedic purpose or categories of state and local spending. |
| Cooperative or Marble Cake Federalism | where state and the national government responsibilities are mingled and blurred like a marble cake; powers and policies are shared. |
| Declaration of Independence | the document used by the signers to announce and justify the Revolutionary War and which was specifically designed to enlist the aid of foreign nations in the revolt. |
| Dual or Layer Cake Federalism | where states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres of power, much like a layer cake. |
| Elastic clause | the statement in the Constitution which says that Congress has the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying out its duties. |
| Enumerated powers | powers of Congress found in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution. |
| Enumerated, Delegated, Implied and Concurrent Powers | |
| Extradition | the Constitution requires each state to return a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment. |
| Federalism | a system of shared power between two or more levels of government. |
| Fiscal federalism | the pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system. |
| Formula grants | a type of categorical grant where states and local governments do not apply for a grant but are given funds on the basis of a formula. |
| Full faith and credit | Article IV of the Constitution requires states to provide reciprocity toward other states’ public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings. |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | the 1824 Supreme Court case which further expanded Congress’ power to regulate interstate and international commerce by defining commerce very broadly to incorporate every form of commercial activity. |
| Implied powers | powers beyond Congress’ enumerated powers which ensure that it can carry out its duties. |
| Intergovernmental relations | the term used to describe the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local governments |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | the 1819 Supreme Court case, which established the supremacy of the national government over the states, included implied powers of Congress. |
| Privileges and immunities | the Constitution prohibits states from discriminating against citizens of other states. |
| Project grant | categorical grants awarded on the basis of competitive applications. |
| Supremecy Clause | reference to 10th Amendment national v. state supremecy |
| Tenth Amendment | specifies that powers not delegated to the national government are reserved for the state government or the people. |
| Unitary government | a system where all power resides in the central government. |
Created by:
ekorzep
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