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Biology Unit 1

Bio terms for chapter 1.1-1.2

TermDefinition
biosphere All organisms and the part of Earth where they exist
biodiversity The variety of organisms in a given area, the genetic variation within a population, the variety of species in a community, or the variety of communities in an ecosystem.
species A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate and produce fertile offspring; also the level of classification below genus and above subspecies
biology The scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment
science The knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested.
organism A living thing,; anything that can carry out life processes independently.
cell In biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm.
metabolism The sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism.
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics.
system Changing, organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole.
ecosystem A community of organisms and their abiotic environment.
homeostasis The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment; a constant internal state that is maintained in a changing environment by continually making adjustments to the internal and external environment.
evolution Generally, in biology, the process of change by which new species develop from preexisting species over time; at the genetic level, the process in which inherited characteristics within population change over time;
evolution part 2 the process defined by Darwin as "descent with modification"
adaptation The process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survive.
observation The process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses.
data observations and measurements recorded during an experiment.
hypothesis a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.
experiment a procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory, or general truth.
Independent variable condition or factor that is manipulated by a scientist during an experiment.
dependent variable experimental data collected through observation and measurement.
constant condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment.
theory a system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation.
measurement a determination of the dimensions of something using a standard unit.
accuracy a description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured.
precision the exactness of a measurement.
microscope tool that provides an enlarged image of an object.
gene the most basic physical unit of heredity; a segment of nucleic acids that codes for a functional unit of RNA and/or a protein.
molecular genetics study of DNA structure and function on the molecular level.
genomics the study of entire genomes, especially by using technology to compare genes within and between species.
biotechnology use and application of living things and biological processes.
transgenic organism whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species.e
Created by: wowkm22
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