Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account.
Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

evol psy 307Ch12p361

evol psy 307Ch12p361-74

TermDefinition
universal human motive status striving
status and dominance hierarchies form quickly
pecking order (dominance hierarchy) keeps dominants from necessity of continuous conflicts and helps submissives avoid injury
evolution favors assessment abilities psychological ability to assess one's own fighting abilities relative to those of others
selection favors seeing through bluffs since animals that submitted prematurely or needlessly would lose access to precious resources
dominant male chimps female access especially high when female is in estrus
primates continually compete for elevated position
rising in primate hierarchies depends on social skills, especially ability to enlist allies
dominance hierarchies determine the allocation of resources using force or threat of force
production hierarchies involve coordination and division of labor to achieve a group goal
prestige is freely conferred deference
prestige hierarchies tend to be domain specific and depend on special skills,knowledge,or social connections and evoke admiration
individuals acquire prestige by displaying generosity, competence, and sacrifices that signal commitment to the group
leading and following can be viewed as evolved strategies for group coordination (hunting, defense) and resolving in-group conflicts
male reproductive success is typically more variable than female reproductive success
the more polygynous the mating system the stronger the selection pressure on males and selection will favor strategies for not being excluded
two ways dominant men may get access to women preferential selection by women (resources) and intrasexual domination (mate stealing)
"Genghis Kan effect" 16 million men today carry his Y chromosome. Rulers may leave large numbers of descendents
sexual access of high status men comes from short-term sexual encounters and extramarital affairs
higher status men seek out younger and more fertile women
boys more likely than girls to issue dominance challenges to their peers
boy's speech serve largely egoistic functions and establishes and protects turf girl's conversation is a more socially binding process
men's higher aggressiveness, competitive striving, desire for status and greater inclination to take risks are linked with sex differences in the workplace
social dominance orientation (SDO) a measure of an individual's preference for hierarchy within any social system and the domination over lower-status groups
men score higher than women on SDO scales
women tended to rate prosocial dominant acts as more socially desirable (taking charge in committee, soliciting funds for a cause)
men tended to rate egoistic dominant acts as more socially desirable (flattering to get one's way, blaming others when things went wrong)
dominant men perform a relatively high frequency of egoistic dominant acts (I managed to get my own way, I demanded someone else run the errand)
dominant women perform a relatively high frequency of prosocial dominant acts (I settled a dispute among group members, I took the lead in organizing a project)
Megargee experiment men HD and LD 75% HD men were leaders (giving instructions)
Megargee experiment women HD and LD 70% HD women were leaders (giving instructions)
Megargee experiment HD men and LD women 90% men were leaders (giving instructions)
Megargee experiment HD men and HD women 20% HD women were leaders (giving instructions)
HD women were appointing their LD partners to the leadership position 91% of time
men express dominance through acts of personal ascension elevating themselves to positions of power
women express their dominance for group-oriented goals
men refer more to same sex competition, take greater workplace risks, sacrifice quality of life (ex. flexible hours) to get ahead
men engage in riskier resource related behavior only when observed by similar status individuals
subordinate strategies to subvert access of the dominant to key resouces deception, false subordination, friendship, and manipulation to gain access to the resources needed for survival and reproduction
cognitive capacities to reason about the mind of others have evolved in primates to thwart the primary or exclusive access to resources by those high in dominance
dominance theory propositions (Denise Cummins) humans evolved domain-specific strategies to reasons about social norms (permission and prohibitions); these cognitive strategies emerge prior to and separate from other types of reasoning strategies
deontic reasoning (reasoning about rights and obligations) contrasts with indicative reasoning (reasoning about proposition truth value)
humans spontaneously adopt a strategy of seeking rule violators
for deontic rules people seek out rule violations
for indicative rules people seek out instances that conform to the rule
dominance theory predicts that human reasoning will be strongly influenced by rank
cheaters well remembered, especially if low in status
memory bias for cheaters stronger for men than for women
Created by: james22222222
Popular Psychology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards