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Infectious Disease

Inflammation, Infection, Immunity & HIV

QuestionAnswer
What is the first line of defense? Intact skin and mucus membranes
What is the second line of defense? phagocytosis and inflammation
What helps rid the body of invading microorganisms and debris phagocytosis
what are the five types of leukocytes? neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes
fight bacterial infections Neutrophils
circulate in the blood for approximately 1 day before they enter tissue monocytes
Once enter the tissue and infest many foreign antigens macrophages
fight parasitic infection and increase during allergic reactions eosinophils
initiate the inflammatory response and release histamine basophils
B lymphocytes produce what? antibodies
T lymphocytes produce what? increase the body's immune response
any substance that is capable of stimulating a response from the immune system is called? antigen
proteins that are created in response to specific antigens antibodies aka immunoglobulins
how are vaccinations prepared 1. dead organisms 2. destroying bacterial toxins 3. altering the structure of live organisms
when is active acquired immunity developed? after direct contact with an antigen through illness or vaccination
When is passive acquired immunity developed? newborns receive from their mothers
what organs are vital in a functional immune system thymus, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and liver
What function does the thymus & bone marrow have in immunity? formation and maturation of immune system cells
what function does lymph nodes have in immunity attach antigens and debris in the interstitial fluid and produce and circulate lymphocytes
what function does the spleen have in immunity acts as a filter to remove dead cells, debris, and foreign molecules from the blood.
what function does the liver have in immunity filters blood and plays a part in the production of specific immunoglobulins and other chemicals involved in the immune response
What does a shift to the left on A CBC indicate? Indicates that the percentage of the white blood cells that are neutrophils is greater than 60%
What does a shift to the right indicate on a CBC? Indicates that only a small percentage of the white blood cells are neutrophils.
What is a retrovirus A retrovirus transcription of genetic material is reverse. RNA is made into dna versus the normal pattern of DNA to RNA
Word are the major complications of HIV infections
What conditions may cause a shift to the right on A CBC Over whelming infection or the blood marrow is not producing neutrophils
When does HIV turn into AIDS Once the CD4 cell levels drop below 200 cells/ mm3
Identify the test used to diagnose HIV Enzyme-linked immunoassy (ELISA) or the Western blot
Opportunistic infections, wasting, secondary cancers, and dementia
What is the immune function of lymph nodes Acts as a filter to remove micro organisms from the lymph fluid before it returns to the blood
What is the immune function of bone marrow Produce white blood cells
What is the immune function of the spleen Filters and destroys micro organisms in the blood
What is the I'm yoon function of the thymus Participates in the maturation of T lymphocytes
Systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE) Autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs
Hodgkin's disease Cancer of the lymph system characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes
Leukemia Cancer of the white blood cells
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma Cancer of the lymph system staged as low, intermediate, or high grade
Multiple melanoma
Created by: arogers74
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