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psy307ch11p328
psy307ch11p328-38
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sexual conflict | different evolutionary (=genetic) interests by individuals of the two sexes |
| most poignant (=distressing) forms of sexual conflict | center on mating conflict |
| Strategic Interference Theory (SIT) states that | conflict occurs when the strategies enacted by one individual interfere with the strategies, goals, and desires of another. |
| men have evolved a deeper desire for | sexual variety |
| a desire for sexual variety causes men to | seek sexual access sooner, more persistently and aggressively than women typically desire |
| men and women come into conflict because | the strategy of one sex interferes with the strategy of the other (ex. short vs long-term mating) |
| sexual harassment | is a form of strategic interference in the workplace |
| deception | is a form of strategic interference in the dating scene (ex. age, marital status) |
| sexual infidelity | is a form of strategic interference in the marriage |
| forms of strategic interference | coercive control, threats, insults, attempts to lower a partner's self-esteem |
| anger, distress and upset | are psychological solutions to solve the adaptive problems posed by strategic interference |
| anger, distress and upset act to | focus, remember and action to strive to eliminate the sources of strategic or future interference |
| postulates of strategic interference | occurs when one sex violates other sexes desires; anger, rage and distress evolved to alert and take action |
| conflict is often an undesirable by-product that | sexual strategies of men and women differ in profound ways |
| individuals are primarily in conflict with | members of their own gender |
| men seek sexual access | with a minimum investment (resource coy) |
| women often seek signals of investment before | consenting to sex |
| in perceiving male-female interactions males exhibit a | sexual misperception bias (perceiving women are more interested in them than the women really are) |
| when in doubt | men infer sexual interest |
| even a slight increase in sex by biased males may have evolved | men's lower thresholds for inferring women's sexual interest |
| more women use smiling and flirting (even when they have no sexual interest) to | elicit special treatment from the opposite sex |
| men intentionally deceive about | emotional commitment |
| severe deception losses by women produced | tremendous selection pressure for evolution of psychological vigilance to detect and prevent deception |
| women guard against deception by | imposing courtship costs (extended time, energy and commitment), collectively scrutinize interactions |
| error management theory (EMT) | psychological mechanisms are predictably biased when the costs of false-positive and false-negative errors were asymmetrical over evolutionary history |
| sexual overperception bias | designed to minimize costs of missed sexual opportunities |
| men who believe they are high in mate value or pursuing a short-term mating strategy | have a more pronounced sexual overperception bias |
| commitment skepticism bias | women underestimate men's actual level of romantic commitment early in courtship |
| sexual withholding | sexually teasing, refusing intercourse, leading a man on and then stopping him |
| sexual withholding functions | preserve ability to choose high quality men, increase sex's value, manipulate man's perception of mate value, encourage evaluation as a permanent mate |
| sexual harassment | unwanted and unsolicited attention from other individuals in the workplace |
| sexual harassment motivation | possibility come-on might lead to a short-term sexual encounter |
| sexual harassment victims | mostly young attractive, single women |
| low status harassers, especially with control, | are more upsetting to women |
| male sexual aggressiveness | forcing sexual intimacy, failing to get mutual agreement to sex, touching without permission |
| costs of male aggressiveness to minimize costs for sexual access | retaliation and damage to reputation |
| verbal abuse and non-sexual physical abuse judged by women to be less | upsetting than sexual aggression (women do not want forced sex) |
| mate's infidelity and verbal or physical abuse were far more upsetting to men | than sexual aggression by a woman |
| men consistently underestimate how unacceptable | sexual aggression is to women |
| rape | use of force or threat of force to obtain sexual intercourse |
| rape as adaptation theory | selection has favored ancestral males who raped in certain circumstances |
| rape circumstances | vulnerable (war, isolate), no partner ("loser males"), fertile, high sperm rape ejaculates, arousal to forced sex, evidence of spousal infidelity |
| by-product theory of rape | result of desire for sexual variety, sex without investment, general use of aggression to achieve goals |
| rape proclivity | most do not appear to be potential rapists |
Created by:
james22222222
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