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evol psy 307 ch7
ch7 p. 221-36
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| healthy baby hypothesis | health status of child affects positive maternal behavior (valid only if resources limited; abundant-more to needier) |
| child reproductive value | increases to pubescence |
| child (newborn) may be killed if | the birth interval is too short or family too large |
| Canadian rates of natural parent child homicide | high for infants, decrease to age 17 |
| Canadian nonrelative child homicide | higher at age 1 than in infancy, slight decrease to age 10 and increase to age 17 |
| parents feel more favorably toward children | who are best able to convert parental investment into reproductive success |
| Trivers-Willard Hypothesis (some support among non-US families) | Parents will produce more sons and invest more in sons when the parents are in good condition and hence have a chance producing a son who is highly successful in the mating game |
| Parents in poor health or economy | will invest more in daughters because parental state affects male more than female reproductive success |
| natural selection favored older women decision rule | invest immediately in children (infanticide highest among younger women) |
| both age and marital status are correlated with | infanticide (reflecting evolved decision rules concerning effort allocation) |
| women spent roughly | 10 times more time caring for children than men |
| 90% of single parents are | women |
| support that women have evolved decision rules to allocate more time to and interest in parenting | differential pupillary dilation and smell identification suggest, better infant facial recognition, female faster detection of surprise, disgust, anger fear and distress |
| men with higher self-perceived mate value reported | lower levels of parental investment and higher levels of mating effort |
| because parents and children differ genetically | parents and children will diverge in the ideal allocation of parents' resources |
| theory of parent-offspring conflict | each child will desire a larger share of resources than the parents want to give |
| parents and offspring get into conflict about | when weaned, value of siblings, punish sibling conflict and reward cooperation |
| suicide attempts may be strategies by adolescents | to extract extra investment form parents |
| in utero conflict | abnormal zygotes spontaneously aborted |
| fetal production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secreted by fetus into mother's blood | prevents menstruating, thus allowing fetus to remain implanted |
| preeclampsia | a condition in pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, sometimes with fluid retention and proteinuria (blood pressure so high it caused kidney damage) |
| when fetus wants more nutricion | it causes mother's arteries to constrict, raising blood pressure giving more blood to fetus |
| sibling presence increases parent-child conflict | vehicle competition, half-sibling more conflict (50 vs 25% genes) |
| parent-offspring conflict over mating | sibling good gene benefit(beauty vs family background) (50 vs 25%), economic bargaining chips, offspring short-term mating strategy (compromise family reputation daughter guarding) |
| parent-offspring conflict over parent mating | to be explored empirically |
| as parents age they become | less valuable to their children just as their children become more valuable to them |
| those who are less valuable are at greater risk | of being killed, so adult offspring will be more likely to kill their parents than visa versa |
Created by:
james22222222
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