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NervousSysPart1
NervousSystem_Part1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 3 main functions of the nervous system? | 1. Sensory - senses 2. Integration - processing decisions (summation of EPSP, IPSP) 3. Motor - motor output (action potential) |
| Where is the integratin center for the ANS? | Ganglia |
| What 2 functional categories are cells grouped into? | 1. Neurons - forms action potential 2. Neuroglia - non action-potential forming |
| What are the function classification of neurons? | Do all of the MAJOR functions ON THEIR OWN 1. afferent 2. interneuron 2. efferent |
| What do neuroglia do? | 1. play a supporting role to neurons 2. divided into CNS and PNS neuroglia |
| What are the CNS neuroglia? | 1. astrocytes - produce blood brain barrier, MOST NUMEROUS 2. oligodendrocytes - myelin, rotates wraps/insulates axon 3. microglia - immunity 4. ependymal cells - ciliated, phagocytic, move/produce cerebral spinal fluid |
| What are the PNS neuroglia? | 1. Neurolemmocytes (similar to oligodendrocytes) - wraps around axon, NUCLEUS stays in tact 2. Satellite cells (similar to astrocytes) - found in ganglia |
| What is the purpose of myelination of the axons? | So there won't be a short-circuit |
| Describe an afferent neuron | 1. Conducts action potential to the CNS 2. Action potential starts at DENDRITES |
| Describe interneurons | 1. Conducts Action Potential WITHIN the CNS 2. Acts like a 'hub' - allows more dendrites to have more synaptic processes 3. utilizes GAP junctions |
| Describe efferent neurons | 1. conducts action potential TO the Peripheral Nervous System 2. Receives outcoming information |
| Describe neuroglia functions in PNS | 1. satellite cells - support cell bodies 2. neurolemmocytes - secrete neurotrophic factors, myelin sheaths |
| Describe neuroglia functions for ependymal cells, microglia and oligodendrocytes in CNS | 1. ependymal cells - source of neural stem cells, barriers btw compartments 2. microglia - scavengers (modified immune cells) 3. oligodendrocytes - myelin sheaths |
| Describe neuroglia functions for astrocytes in CNS | 1. provide substrates for ATP production 2. help form blood brain barrier 3. secrete neurotrophic factors 4. take up K+, water, neurotransmitters 5. source of neural stem cells |
| What are the major functional components of the nervous system? | 1. CNS a. brain, spinal cord 2. PNS a. afferent tracts, efferent tracts, ganglia |
| What does the word 'TRACT' mean? | group of axons together travelling to/from similar places |
| How do STRUCTURAL components allow the nervous system to function correctly? | Provides protected environment 1. bony protection - skull 2. meninges - duramater/arachnoid/cerebral spinal fluid/piamater 3. blood brain barrier 4. maintain correct ECF parameters |
| How do the FUNCTIONAL components allow the nervous system to function correctly? | Creates & modifies neuronal circuits organized into: 1. afferent & efferent tracts 2. functional areas (different cortexes) in the CNS (gray/white matter) 3. reflex pathways (mostly autonomic) |
Created by:
lophung
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