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GASTROINTESTINAL_Emb

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Card 1• GI embryology. A patient has a malformed gastrointestinal tract from pharynx to duodenum. What part of the embryo had impaired development? Foregut
Card 2• Pancreas and spleen embryology. Is the pancreas derived from the foregut, the midgut, or the hindgut? The foregut
Card 3• Congenital pyloric stenosis. In a patient with congenital pyloric stenosis, hypertrophy of the pylorus leads to what problem? Gastric outlet obstruction
Card 4• Tracheoesophageal anomalies. What is the most common subtype of tracheoesophageal fistula? Esophageal atresia (a blind-pouch upper esophagus with the lower esophagus connected to the trachea)
Card 5• Congenital pyloric stenosis. An infant with projectile vomiting is found to have a palpable, epigastric, olive-sized mass is found on physical exam. Name this condition. Congenital pyloric stenosis
Card 6• GI embryology. In a patient with a hiatal hernia, the herniated structure was originally derived from the ____ (foregut/midgut/hindgut). Foregut (herniation of the proximal stomach through the diaphragm)
Card 7• Tracheoesophageal anomalies. What are some symptoms seen with the most common subtype of tracheoesophageal fistula? Cyanosis, choking, and vomiting with feeding, air bubble on x-ray of the chest (or polyhydramnios, if still in utero)
Card 8• Pancreas and spleen embryology A patient is diagnosed with pancreas divisum, and she asks how this developed. What do you tell her? Failure of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds to fuse during embryologic development
Card 9• Tracheoesophageal anomalies A patient's CXR shows an airway stricture. He is drooling excessively. How do you confirm your suspected diagnosis? Attempt to pass a nasogastric tube (in a tracheoesophageal fistula, the tube will not reach the stomach)
Card 10• Congenital pyloric stenosis In a baby with suspected congenital pyloric stenosis, what type of vomit would rule out the disorder? Bilious (bilious vomit originates distal to the pyloric sphincter)
Card 11• GI embryology A developing embryo suffers a malfunction of the midgut. Which region of the gastrointestinal tract will be impacted? Duodenum to the transverse colon
Card 12• Pancreas and spleen embryology From which dermal layer does the spleen arise: endoderm, mesoderm, or ectoderm? Mesoderm
Card 13• Tracheoesophageal anomalies A newborn chokes and vomits with the first feeding, and she reportedly had polyhydramnios in utero. Why might this baby become cyanotic? The newborn may develop cyanosis from laryngospasm (to avoid reflux-related aspiration) (this is a tracheoesophageal fistula)
Card 14• Congenital pyloric stenosis The mother of a newborn says her previous child had developed projectile vomiting. When would this most likely occur in this newborn? 2 weeks of age
Created by: michael3075
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