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Psy Evol Ch2 P.51-69
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| evolved psychological mechanisms provide | nonarbitrary criteria for "carving the mind into its joints": functions |
| evolved psychological mechanisms tend to be | problem specific: no such thing as a general adaptive problem; e.g. selecting food vs mate (specific selection criteria) |
| selection error | array of mechanisms to correct: bad food-gag, vomit, |
| behavior flexibility | specificity, complexity, and numerousness of evolved human psychological mechanisms |
| activation of mechanisms depends on | contextual input (like carpenter's tool box) |
| domain-general mechanisms | IQ(to solve evolutionarily novel problems), concept formation, analogical reasoning, working memory, classical conditioning |
| adaptations talk | to each other (e.g. sight, smell, hunger, food edibility) |
| superordinate mechanisms | function to regulate other mechanisms |
| evolutionary psychology | dissolves dichotomies (e.g. biological vs cultural) |
| behavior requires | evolved psychological mechanisms combined with environmental input |
| learning | organism changed because of environmental input |
| brain structures | evolved pshycological mechanisms |
| learned prestige criteria | scrutinizing attention structure; who gets most attention? |
| "learned" label | says input changes organism |
| learning requires | specialized evolved psychological mechanisms to occur |
| foundation of evolutionary psychology | rests on convergent evidence of various methods and data |
| comparative method | testing predictions about the trait in other species; e.g. testicular volume relates to sperm competition |
| cross-cultural methods | basic emotions, differing ecologies |
| mental rotation ability | universal, larger with more gender equality (contrary to social role theory) |
| physiological methods | assess emotional or sexual arousal, stress (e.g. stepchildren have higher cortisol levels) |
| FMRI | test kin recognition, language, spacial cognition romantic attraction, jealousy |
| traditional behavioral genetic methods | twin and adoption studies; (e.g. lack investing father gives early menarche), environmentally vs genetically mediated |
| molecular genetic methods | identify specific genes underlying adaptation; (e.g. 7r allele of DRD4 gene linked with novelty seeking and extroversion) |
| acceleration of human adaptation | over last 10000 years |
| comparing sexes | analyse adaptive problems faced by males and females (e.g. paternity vs maternity certainty) |
| within-species comparison | women's age (e.g. younger more likely to abort), wealth, kin network |
| individuals in different contexts | adaptive problems ecountered in two different situations (problem: usually multiple differences) |
| experimental methods | "manipulation" and control subjects (e.g. threat conditions promote in-group favoratism) |
| archeological records | paleontological bone fragments, carbon-dating, fossilized feces give health and diet information |
| hunter-gatherer societies | group meat sharing, but successful hunters get more sex and health care, large game hunting involves clear communication |
| village observations | fertile wives get more intense mate guarding |
| self-reports | men's sexual fantasies involve more partners, partner switching, more visual; women have more mystery, romance, emotion |
| life history and public records | marriages, divorces, births, deaths, crimes: wealthier men tended to marry younger women |
| human products | food creations reveal evolved taste preferences; common fantasies (pornography, romance novels) |
| testing evolutionary hypotheses | requires multiple data sources |
| adaptive problems | required for or aid reproduction |
| evolutionary problems | survival and growth, mating, parenting. aiding genetic relatives |
| group living | ostracism, direct competition for resources |
| paleoarcheology, paleoanrthopology | tooth analysis informs diet, fractures informs death, bones inform diseases |
| current psychological human mechanisms | snake, spider, height, darkness, and strange men phobias propensities to fear ancestral dangers |
| universal sexual jealousy | ancestral women and men were not always faithful |
| task analysis | for structure or phenomena, what cognitive and behavioral tasks must be solved |
| aid to relatives over nonrelatives | identify gene carriers (kin recognition), relative kinship, |
| reverse engineering | bottom-up method to supplement top-down method |
Created by:
james22222222
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