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Life Science Review
Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell | smallest unit of life |
| eukaryotic cell | contains organelles and membrane-bound nucleus |
| prokaryotic cell | singled-celled organisms with no nucleus |
| microscopic | describes organisms that can only been seen through a microscope |
| unicellular | single-celled (bacteria, amoeba) |
| multicellular | many cells (plants, animals) |
| cell membrane | allows some substances in while keeping other out of the cell |
| cell wall | rigid outer covering that provides protection and stability |
| chloroplast | contains chlorophyll, site of photosynthesis |
| cytoplasm | gel-like substance that fills the space of the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | transports proteins |
| golgi apparatus | stores proteins |
| mitochondria | power house of the cell |
| nucleus | brain of the cell |
| vacuole | stores water, food and waste |
| diffusion | movement of particles from area of high concentration to area of low concentration |
| osmosis | movement of water from area of high water concentration to area of low water concentration |
| mitosis | cell division that ends with 2 identical cells |
| meiosis | cell division that ends with 4 genetically different cells |
| gamete | sex cell |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| chromosomes | coiled up strands of DNA |
| photosynthesis | process where plants use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to create glucose and oxygen |
| herbivore | animal that eats only plants |
| carnivore | animal that eats only other animals |
| omnivore | animal that eats both plants and animals |
| vertebrate | animals with a backbone |
| invertebrate | animals without a backbone |
| bilateral symmetry | where an imaginary line divides animals into equal halves |
| radial symmetry | where animals are equally originating from a central point |
| annelid | organism with a segmented, elongated body |
| arthropods | organisms with segmented body and hard outer covering |
| echinoderms | organisms with star-shaped bodies and live in water |
| mollusks | organisms with soft, muscular bodies and have a shell |
| amphibians | can live in water or on land; lay eggs in water; cold-blooded |
| fish | live in water and breathe through gills |
| reptile | have bodies covered with scales |
| birds | have beaks, wings with feathers and lay eggs with hard shells |
| mammal | have body covered with hair or fur and give birth to fully-developed young |
| bacteria | single-celled organisms with no nucleus |
| archea | single-celled organism that can survive in harsh environments |
| autotroph | organism that makes its own food |
| heterotroph | organism that needs feeds on other organisms for food |
| fungi | decomposers |
| ecology | the study of living things in their environment and how the affect each other |
| genetics | the study of genes and heredity |
| individual | single organism |
| population | a group of the same species living in the same area at the same time |
| community | populations of different species that live together in the same area |
| ecosystem | includes the community and the abiotic factors (temperature, rainfall, dirt, etc.) |
| biome | large region with a distinct climate |
| biosphere | all of Earth's biomes |
| mutualism | symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit |
| parasitism | symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed |
| commensalism | symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit |
| producer | make their own food |
| consumer | eat other organisms for food |
| food chain | shows the flow of energy from one organism to the another in an ecosystem |
| food web | a series of connected food chains |
Created by:
mrsjowens
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