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Peds Ch 11
Test 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| toddler years | 12 to 36 months |
| toddler proportional changes | Weight: +4 to 6 lbs per year, avg 2yo is 26.2lbs. Height: +3in per year, avg 2yo is 34in. Elongation in legs rather than trunk. Steady, steplike growth curve. Chest circumference > head. |
| toddler vision | 20/40. Depth perception continues to develop, but lack of motor coordination puts them at risk for falls. |
| toddler maturation of systems | Internal structures of ear and throat are short and straight, tonsils and adenoids are large, causing infections to be common. HR slows and BP increases. Stomach capacity increases, allowing for 3 meals. Myelination of spinal cord, sphincter control. |
| toddler psychosocial development | *differentiation of self from others *toleration of separation from parents *ability to withstand delayed gratification *control over bodily functions *acquisition of socially acceptable behavior *verbal communication *less egocentric interactions |
| erickson's stage 2 | autonomy vs. doubt and shame--use negativism and ritualism in quest for autonomy. rapid mood swings and strong emotions. Use words like "no" and "me do". Development of ego, struggle to deal with impulses of id, beginning of superego. |
| casual relationship | toddlers become aware of casual relationship, which occurs between two events. such as flipping a switch and light goes on. they cannot transfer this knowledge though, and must reinvestigate every new switch. |
| spacial relationships | toddlers are able to recognize different shapes and their relationship to each other. |
| object permanence | toddlers are aware of objects that are behind closed doors, in drawers, etc.. and will search for objects |
| gender identity | is developed by 3 years old. 2 year olds recognize gender differences and refer to themselves by name and pronoun. |
| separation | children's emergence from a symbiotic fusion with the mother |
| idividualization | achievements that mark children's expression of their individual characteristics in the environment |
| rapprochement | toddler separates from other and begins to make sense of experiences in the environment, child is drawn back to the mother for assistance in identifying meaning |
| toddler language | use of 300 words by 2yo. Use of multiword sentences. children who started watching television younger than 1yo and who watched longer than 2 hours had a 6x increased likelihood of delays. |
| toddler play | parallel play, along side but not with other children. |
| toddler toys | push-pull toys straddle trucks, balls, riding toys, musical toys and dolls, tactile toys like sandbox, finger paints, bubbles, clay. |
| readiness for toilet training | 1. waking up dry from a nap or overnight sleep 2. being aware of the urge to void or stool 3. communicating the need to go 4. being dry for at least 2 hours during the day |
| tantrums | during a tantrum stay calm and ignore the behavior as long as it is not injurious |
| regression | when regression occurs, it is best to ignore it while praising existing patterns of appropriate behaviors |
| todlder nutrition | growth rate slows from 12 to 18 months and there is decrease need for calories and fluids. guideline is 1 Tbs. food per year of age, one forth to one third of adult proportion. |
| physiologic anorexia | picky, fussy eaters with strong taste preferences. may eat large amounts 1 day and nothing the next. |
| toddler sleep | average of 11 to 12 hours a day |
| belt-positioning booster seats | used for children less than 4'9" and who weigh 35 to 80 lbs. |
| household water temp | should be less than 120 F. |
Created by:
tkulwicki
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