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Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Zygote | a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum. |
| Gene | a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. |
| Lipid | any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids. |
| Codon | a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule. |
| Exon | a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule containing information coding for a protein or peptide sequence. |
| mRNA | Messenger RNA is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression. |
| rRNA | Ribonucleic acid is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. |
| tRNA | A transfer RNA is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. |
| Uracil | a compound found in living tissue as a constituent base of RNA. In DNA its place is taken by thymine. |
| Ribose | a sugar of the pentose class that occurs widely in nature as a constituent of nucleosides and several vitamins and enzymes. |
| Nucleus | a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material. |
| Stem Cell | an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation. |
| Protein | any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms. |
| Parent Cell | A cell that is the source of other cells, as a cell that divides to produce two or more daughter cells, or a stem cell that is a progenitor of other cells or is the first in a line of developing cells. Also called mother cell. |
| Vaccine | a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease. |
| Somatic | relating to the soma. |
| Purines | a colorless crystalline compound with basic properties, forming uric acid on oxidation. |
| Recessive | relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent. |
| Diversity | the state of being diverse; variety. |
| Diploid | containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. |
| Embryo | an unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development, in particular a human offspring during the period from approximately the second to the eighth week after fertilization (after which it is usually termed a fetus). |
| Enzyme | a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. |
| Bipedal | using only two legs for walking. |
| Hybrid | the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties, such as a mule (a hybrid of a donkey and a horse). |
| Intron | a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that does not code for proteins and interrupts the sequence of genes. |
| Mitosis | a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. |
| Meiosis | a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. |
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dominatorw22
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