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Limnology
Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Limnos | Latin for marsh or a wet place |
| Lentic System | standing water ecosystems |
| Lotic System | flowing water ecosystems |
| reservoir | artificial lentic ecosystem |
| rock pool | tinajas, gnammas, or pot holes |
| tree hole | small pools of water inside trees but open to the air; caused by decaying matter |
| temporary streams | flow during part of the year and dry up for part of the year |
| intermittent streams | flow above the surface in certain places and below in others |
| What are the 4 factors that are independent measurements of a Lentic Ecosystem? | Area, Depth, Volume, Shape |
| What is the dependent factor of a Lentic Ecosystem? | Shoreline |
| Dendritic Pattern | "angry dragon;" occurs when a river is dammed; water backs up and floods the tributaries |
| Lake Position: (-3) | highest elevation; water only leaves by evaporation; fed only by direct precipitation to the surface or watershed runoff |
| Lake Position: (-2) | fed only by direct precipitation to surface or runoff; leaves by evaporation or ground seepage |
| Lake Position: (-1) | fed by direct precipitation, runoff, and groundwater; leaves as seepage or streamflow |
| Lake Position: (1) | fed by precipitation, surface flow, and groundwater; leaves as groundwater and permanent streamflow |
| Lake Position: (2) | fed by precipitation, surface flow, groundwater, and streamflow; leaves by evaporation, groundwater, and streamflow |
| water turnover | length of time it takes for every water molecule to be replaced in a body of water; aka recharge time |
| Alpine glaciation | occurs in mountains, right below highest peaks; glaciers cut out depression |
| Cirque | depression on the side of a mountain, created by a glacier |
| Tarn | depression on the side of a mountain, created by a glacier, that is filled with water |
| Continental glaciation | glaciers scour the surface, digging narrow valleys and creating glacial till |
| proglacial | water runoff proceeded the glacier, filling shallow basins |
| caused floods of Biblical proportions with a wall of water 600ft high | glacial Lake Missoula |
| kettle ponds | big chunks of ice fell off of glaciers and eventually melted into the depressions they caused |
| alluvial dam | faster river deposits sediment at the mouth of the slower river, causing a dam |
| habitat tracking | organisms will find their habitat and live there no matter what |
| Lake Vostok | named after one of Russia's early satellites; under more than 1km of ice, 4km deep and as big as Lake Erie; located in Antarctica |
| oxbow lake | a cut off meander of a stream/river |
| karst topography | formed by limestone being diluted, forming caved |
| permafrost | permanently frozen soil; when it collapses, some will melt and fill the depression |
| graben | depressed block of land bordered by parallel faults; the result of a block of land being downthrown producing a valley with a distinct scarp on each side |
| tectonic activity | movement of Earth's crust |
| example of a graben | Lake Tahoe |
| caldera | cauldron-like volcanic feature usually formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption |
| example of a caldera lake | Crater Lake |
| orogeny | the natural process of mountain building |
| viscosity | describes a fluid's internal resistance to flow |
| When is water density the greatest? | At 4 degrees Celsius |
| two ions that disrupt the freezing point and cause a freezing point depression | sodium and hydrogen |
| turbidity | the ability for light to penetrate |
| fetch | distance wind travels uninterrupted across a body of water |
| seiche | occurs when the wind is blowing strong enough to push all the water to one side of the lake |
| spring overturn | oxygen and temperature remain fairly constant |
| Dimictic | has both autumnal and vernal overturns; lake freezes in winter |
| Monomictic | has only autumnal overturn; doesn't freeze in winter |
| Amictic | has no overturn; permanently covered in ice |
| Polymictic | usually tropical and shallow; overturns and stratifications occurs often, based on wind speed |
| Meromictic | monimolimnion has a high concentration of a substance (usually carbon dioxide); when it's turned, all of that substance is released into the atmosphere |
| the layers in a lake | epilimnion - metalimnion - hypolimnion - monimolimnion |
| orthograde oxygen profile | dissolved oxygen profile is uniform |
| clinograde oxygen profile | stratification is visible |
| positive heterograde oxygen profile | algal plate |
| negative heterograde oxygen profile | bacterial plate |
| thermocline | located within the metalimnion; point at which temperature is changing fastest |
| chemocline | thin band between the hypolimnion and the monimolimnion where the concentration of chemical X increases |
Created by:
stoniertk28
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