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Riley Oerkfitz ESPS

TermDefinition
Crater A large, bowl-shaped cavity in the ground or on the surface of a planet or the moon.
Lithosphere The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
Mantle In between the crust and the core
Crust The outer part of the Earth.
Asthenosphere the upper layer of the earth's mantle.
Mesosphere the region of the earth's atmosphere above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere.
Core The center of the Earth.
Ejecta material that is forced or thrown out.
Law of Superposition the youngest layer is on top and the oldest on bottom
Meteoroids a small body moving in the solar system that would become a meteor if it entered the earth's atmosphere.
Meteorites a meteor that survives its passage through the earth's atmosphere such that part of it strikes the ground.
Comet a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a “tail” of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun.
Asteroid a small rocky body orbiting the sun.
Uniformitarianism the theory that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted from the action of continuous and uniform processes.
Relative Age The geologic age of a fossil organism that is guessed.
Strata a layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.
Absolute Age The absoulute age of a rock layer.
Radiometric Dating a method of dating geological or archeological specimens by determining the relative proportions of particular radioactive isotopes present in a sample.
Carbon Dating the determination of the age or date of organic matter from the relative proportions of the carbon isotopes carbon-12 and carbon-14 that it contains
Geologic Time scale The geologic time scale is a system of chronological dating that relates geological strata to time.
Half life the time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value.
Isotope each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
Plate tectonics a theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates that move slowly over the underlying mantle.
Convergent Boundaries A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving toward each other.
Divergent Boundaries A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other.
Transform Boundaries Places where plates slide sideways past each other.
Subduction The sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate.
Trench When one tectonic plate slides beneath another plate at a subduction zone.
Volcano a mountain or hill having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust.
Erosion the gradual destruction or diminution of something.
Plate boundary A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other and new crust is forming.
Mid-ocean ridge a long, seismically active submarine ridge system.
Convection the movement caused within a hotter liqud and less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink.
Sea- floor spreading the formation of new areas of oceanic crust.
Volcanic Arc a curving chain of active volcanoes formed above a subduction zone.
Hot Spot a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings.
Ridge push sliding plate force is a proposed driving force for plate motion.
Slab pull the portion of motion of a tectonic plate.
Carbonate typically formed by reaction of carbon dioxide with bases.
Cellular Respiration a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms
Ecology the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms.
Homeostasis the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements.
Created by: Darkrai360
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