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Force and Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Potential Energy | The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors. |
| Kinetic Energy | Energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion. |
| Momentum | The quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity. |
| Mass | A coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape. |
| Inertia | A tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged. |
| Gravity | The force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth, or toward any other physical body having mass. For most purposes Newton's laws of gravity apply, with minor modifications to take the general theory of relativity into account. |
| Friction | The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. |
| Weight | A body's relative mass or the quantity of matter contained by it, giving rise to a downward force; the heaviness of a person or thing. |
| Force | In physics, a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object. A force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity, i.e., to accelerate. Force can also be described intuitively as a push or a pull. |
| Torque | A twisting force that tends to cause rotation. |
| Compression | The action of compressing or being compressed. |
| Contortion | Contortion is a performance art in which performers, contortionists, showcase their skills of extreme physical flexibility. Contortion acts often accompany acrobatics, circus acts, street performers and other live performing arts. |
| Tension | The state of being stretched tight. |
| Shear | Break off or cause to break off, owing to a structural strain. |
| Velocity | The speed of something in a given direction. |
| Acceleration | A vehicle's capacity to gain speed within a short time. |