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Biology Quiz #1

Ecology (Nitrogen Cycle, Water Cycle, Habitat...)

QuestionAnswer
Ecology the study of inter relationships between organisms and their environment
Biosphere region from earth's crust through atmosphere that supports life
Environment organisms' surroundings
Biotic Factors living things that factor into an organisms environment
Abiotic Factors non-living things that factor into an organisms' environment
Population number of species living in a certain area
Community all the populations in a given area
Ecosystem community and its abiotic factors
Biome a huge ecosystem that occupies a large portion of a continent
Habitat area where organism lives
Niche role that an organism has in the environment (organism's way of life that includes the habitat)
Competition when 2 organisms use the same limited resource
Competitive exclusion principle no two species can occupy the same niche at the same time
predation when one animal hunts and eats another
interspecific competition two different species compete for the same limited resource
intraspecific competition two animals of the same species compete for the same limited resource
symbiosis two organisms are living together (different species)
mutualism two organisms benefit from each other
commensalism one organism benefits and the other is unnafected
parasitism one organism benifits and the other is harmed
nitrogen fixation process where bacteria convert N gas into forms that can be used by plants
autotroph organism that can make its own food
heterotroph animal that does not make bits own food
producer an autotroph
consumer a heterotroph
decomposer eats dead plants/animals/organisms (helps keep environment clean) and then releases it into the atmosphere
herbivore organism that eats only plants
carnivore eats only other organisms
omnivore eats both plants and animals
trophic level each step in a food chain or food web (steps/ levels of nourishment in a food chain)
Food Chain sequence of organisms through which energy is transfered in an ecosystem. (energy transfer)
Food Web several interconnected food chains
transpiration water evaporates from stomates as plants exchange gases for photosynthesis, and enters the stomates
Infiltration precipitation that soaks into the ground and is filtered by soil particles
Precipitation liquid water falls to the earth in the form of rain, snow, sleet, etc.
Evaporation solar energy heats surface waters, liquid changes to gas and enters the atmosphere
condensation water vapor in the atmosphere cools, and changes from gas to liquid (clouds form)
Dentrification bacteria in soil convert nitrogen back into gas
10 percent rule amount of energy an animal is able to obtain in their bodies is 10 %, 90% is released as heat
Which way do the arrows in a food chain/web point? where the energy is being transferred to
Matter is cycled, Energy flow is one-way...what does this mean? matter cannot be created or destroyed, and therefore, must be cycled because it can decompose and etc, but energy cannot be recycled. Ex: the sun goes to us and then we release that energy into the atmosphere and it just dissapears.
Human impacts on nutrient cycles: increased use of residential farmland fertalizers, left overs end up in ponds etc. By runoff that contains high concentrations of nitrogen, the Algae pop and explode resulting in Algal Blooms, which removes O2 from the water and causes aquatic o2 die.
trophic levels of a food chain: Primary Producer---1st level consumor (herbivore)--2nd level consumor (carnivore), etc.
The water cycle: Evaporation; Transpiration; Condensation; Precipitation; Runoff; Infiltration; Ground Water
Carbon Cycle Photosynthesis; Respiration; Decomposition
Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen Gas in Atmosphere; Nitrogen Fixation; Dentrification
Created by: BurriedInBooks
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