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Force&MotionUnit

Key Vocabulary for Sci Method Intro, Energy, and Force and Motion

TermDefinition
hypothesis A possible explanation about an observation that can be tested by scientific investigations and includes both independent and dependent variables. example: The cotton t-shirt will dry the fastest compared to the wool, polyester, and denim shirts.
force a push or a pull
newton the unit used to measure the strength of a force
friction a force between an object and the surface it is moving over (contact)
gravity a force that pull objects toward each other as a result of their masses
net force the combination of all forces acting on an object
speed how fast an object is moving; the distance the object moves per unit of time; s=d/t
independent variable The variable that is changed or manipulated by the scientist Example: the type of mentos added to a Diet Coke Bottle
velocity the speed at which an object travels in a given direction; for example: the storm is moving 25 km/h eastward
dependent variable The variable that is measured by the scientist Example: How high the soda spews up into the air
inertia an object's resistance to change
Newton's 1st Law of Motion law that states an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object that is in motion will keep moving (in a straight line) until acted upon by an outside force
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion law that states an object's motion depends on its mass; force = mass x acceleration
Newton's 3rd Law of Motion law that states that for every action there is an equal (in strength) but opposite (in direction) reaction
potential energy the energy that is stored in an object or system
kinetic energy the energy that an object has because it is moving
collision the moment when two objects hit each other
mass the amount of matter that makes up an object
matter anything that has mass and takes up space
cause an event or process that leads to a result or change
effect a result or change that happens because of an event or process
Created by: jbohannon
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