click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Force&MotionUnit
Key Vocabulary for Sci Method Intro, Energy, and Force and Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| hypothesis | A possible explanation about an observation that can be tested by scientific investigations and includes both independent and dependent variables. example: The cotton t-shirt will dry the fastest compared to the wool, polyester, and denim shirts. |
| force | a push or a pull |
| newton | the unit used to measure the strength of a force |
| friction | a force between an object and the surface it is moving over (contact) |
| gravity | a force that pull objects toward each other as a result of their masses |
| net force | the combination of all forces acting on an object |
| speed | how fast an object is moving; the distance the object moves per unit of time; s=d/t |
| independent variable | The variable that is changed or manipulated by the scientist Example: the type of mentos added to a Diet Coke Bottle |
| velocity | the speed at which an object travels in a given direction; for example: the storm is moving 25 km/h eastward |
| dependent variable | The variable that is measured by the scientist Example: How high the soda spews up into the air |
| inertia | an object's resistance to change |
| Newton's 1st Law of Motion | law that states an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object that is in motion will keep moving (in a straight line) until acted upon by an outside force |
| Newton's 2nd Law of Motion | law that states an object's motion depends on its mass; force = mass x acceleration |
| Newton's 3rd Law of Motion | law that states that for every action there is an equal (in strength) but opposite (in direction) reaction |
| potential energy | the energy that is stored in an object or system |
| kinetic energy | the energy that an object has because it is moving |
| collision | the moment when two objects hit each other |
| mass | the amount of matter that makes up an object |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| cause | an event or process that leads to a result or change |
| effect | a result or change that happens because of an event or process |