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Chapter 15

TermDefinition
Absolute pressure Pressure relative to a vacuum.
American Institute of Chemical Engineers Largest professional organization specific to environmental engineering.
Aneroid gauge Type of gauge that uses microorganisms to degrade biological material in an environment without oxygen.
Batch chemical plant operations type of operation where chemicals are fed into the system, the chemical process takes place, and the materials are removed.
Bimetallic temperature measurement device Device that relies on the concept that different metals expand and contract due to temperature at different rates.
Block flow diagram Extremely basic representation of major processes in plants.
Change-of-state temperature measurement device Device that permanently changes colors when it reaches a certain temperature.
Chemistry Scientific study of materials, their properties, their interactions, and the changes that they undergo.
Deformulation Process that involves the identification and separation of chemical components within a substance.
Differential balance Type of balance that is taken at the same point over time.
Entropy Tendency of all energy and matter to seek a state of uniformity.
Fluid dynamics Study of fluid flow.
Fluid flow Liquids or gases in motion.
Garbage Patch Area of marine trash in the North Pacific Ocean estimated to be about twice the size of Texas and made up mostly of plastic.
Gauge pressure Measurement of pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure.
Gyre Rotating oceanic currents.
Infrared temperature measurement device Device that uses electricity to heat a tungsten filament in a vacuum until it glows and creates light.
Laminar flow Type of flow that has no disruption between the layers of the moving fluid, with no changes.
Liquid column gauge Type of gauge that measures pressure using fluid in a tube.
Mass flowmeter Type of flowmeter that measures the mass rather than the volume.
Mechanical flowmeter Type of flowmeter that uses a variety of mechanical devices inside of a pipe to measure flow.
Open-channel flowmeter Type of flowmeter that measures the flow in a channel rather than in a pipe.
Pressure Measurement that is force per unit area.
Process flow diagram Detailed diagram that includes main flow of chemicals ,general processes, and main equipment.
Resistance temperature measurement device Measurement device that relies on the concept that resistance ,or conductivity of a conductor changes as temperature changes.
Second law of thermodynamics Often called the entropy law, this law is concerned with the idea that concentrated sources of energy will naturally disperse.
Site layout Description of the specific location of all requirement facilities, such as the plant itself,roads,parking ,storm water management,and utilities.
Thermocouple sensor Temperature sensors that are made from two different pieces of conductive materials.
Thermodynamics Study of work,energy,and efficient in large-scale systems.
Turbulent flow Chaotic or abnormal flow consisting of swirls, or eddies.
Velocity flowmeter Type of flowmeter that measures the speed of passing fluid and the depth of the fluid.
Viscosity Thickness of a liquid, or its resistance to being deformed.
Waste By-product of chemical operations.
Zeroth Law Observations dealing with thermodynamics equilibrium.
Created by: 314315
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