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Chapter 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alternating current | An electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies. |
| American Wire Gage | System for sizing round wires based on their cross-sectional area where smaller numbers represent larger wire. |
| Ammeter | Meter that is used to measure current. |
| Atom | Microscopic building block of matter, made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. |
| Battery | Electrical connection of two or more cells. |
| Capacitor | Component that consists of two conductive plates separate by an insulator called a dielectric. |
| Cell | Device that generates electricity through chemical action. |
| Circuit board | Rigid piece of insulation is used as a platform for circuitry. |
| Compact fluorescent lamp | Design to replace a incandescence light buld. |
| Conductor | Material with low resistance that easily passes electrons from one atom to another. |
| Continuity tester | Tool used to test if there is a complete path between two points. |
| Coulomb | Measurement of the amount of electricity. |
| Current | Measure of electrons per unit time. |
| Diobe | Component that limits current flow to one direction. |
| Direct current | Current flow in one direction, where polarity never changes. |
| Electrical engineering | Design and construction of electrical and electronic systems, components, and device. |
| Electricity | Movement of electrons. |
| Electrode | Solid conductor through which electricity enters or leaves a medium. |
| Electron | Negatively charged subatomic particle. |
| Fluorescent lamp | Energy-efficient lamp that uses long tube coated on the inside with phosphorous and filled with an insert gas. |
| Gas discharge lamp | Lamp that creates light when gas inside of a globe is ionized and glows. |
| Generator | Device that produces electricity by changing mechanical energy to electrical energy through the use of magnets. |
| Hybrid car | Fuel-efficient car that uses an internal combustion engine combined with an electric motor and batteries. |
| Incandescent lamp | Device that uses electricity to heat a tungsten filament in a vacuum until it glows and creates light. |
| Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | Broadest professional society for electrical engineers ,with over 375,000 members in more than 160 countries. |
| Insulators | Material with a very high resistance that does not allow current flow. |
| Integrated circuit | Consists of multiple electronic circuits etched into a thin layer of silicon and enclosed in a protective material like plastic. |
| Ion | Electrically charged atom. |
| Law of conservation of energy | Law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.It can only be covered from one form to another. |
| Light-emitting diode lamp | Extremely efficient lamp that creates light by forward biasing semiconductor material. |
| Motor | Device that uses magnetism to change electrical energy to mechanical energy. |
| Neutron | Subatomic particle with a neutral charge. |
| Ohm | Base unit of measurement of resistance. |
| Ohmmeter | Meter that is used to measure resistance. |
| Ohm's law | Law that defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. |
| Oscilloscope | Electrical test device whose screen can show the exact shape of a wave and, therefore, any possible distortion.It can measure voltage, frequency, pulses, and the timing of multiple signals. |
| Parallel circuit | Circuits that have more than one load and multiple paths for current flow. |
| Polarity | Positive or negative condition at the power supply terminal. |
| Power | Rte at which work is done or energy is transmitted. |
| Primary cell | Disposable cell. |
| Proton | Subatomic particle with a positive charge. |
| Resistance | The opposition to current flow. |
| Resistor | Electrical component used to limit current flow and divide voltage. |
| Schematic diagram | Basic sketch of circuitry showing schematic symbols for parts and line to present conductors. |
| Schematic symbol | Simple symbols used to represents electrical parts. |
| Secondary cell | Cell that can be recharged. |
| Semiconductor | Material with conductive capabilities between that of conductors and insulators. |
| Sensor | Component that creates and electrical signal based on environmental conditions.Can be used to monitor things like temperature and light. |
| Series circuit | Circuits with only one path for current to flow from the power source through the circuit and back to the power source. |
| Series-parallel combination circuit | Circuits with characteristics of both series and parallel circuits. |
| Solar cell | Cell that uses light to produce electricity. |
| Solderless breadboard | Platform ideal for experimentation and testing circuits before they are constructed. |
| Statics electricity | Excess of charge on the surface of an object. |
| Switch | Electrical device used to open and close circuits or redirect current from one circuit to another. |
| Transistor | Device used as a solid state switch or amplifier. |
| Troubleshoot | To systematically search for the cause of a failure. |
| Valence shell | Atom's outer ring of electrons. |
| Variable resistor | Resistor whose resistance can be changed, usually by rotating a knob or sliding a switch. |
| Volt | Based unit of voltage. |
| Voltage | Amount of pressure behind the flow of electrons. |
| Voltmeter | Meter that is used to measure voltage. |
| Volt-ohm-millammeter | Meter that is used to measure voltage , current, and resistance. |
| Watt | Unit of electrical power. |
| Watt's law | Law that states the power equals effort multiplied by rate. |
| Zener diode | Diode that can conduct in reverse bias and is commonly used in voltage regulation. |
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