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Electrolyte balance
Different electrolytes and basic maintenance systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the role of parathyroid glands in balance | secrete parathyroid hormone which draws calcium into the blood and helps move phosphorus to the kidneys for excreting |
| sodium's role | major cation in extracellular fluid (90%) |
| functions of sodium | attracts fluids, helps transmit impulses, regulate acid base balance |
| sodium balance | maintained by ADH, depends on what is eaten and how it is absorbed. |
| increased sodium = _____ ECF volume (and vice versa) | decreased |
| what happens when NA is increased? | increased thirst, releases ADH, retention of water by kidneys and dilution of blood |
| na balance maintained by | diffusion- which moves sodium in and potassium out |
| sodium potassium pump: | uses energy to move sodium ions out of cells and return potassium to cells, creates electrical charge, allowing transmisson of nerve impulses |
| potassiums role | major cation in intracellular fluid (98%) |
| function of potassium | afftects nerve impulse transmission |
| maintenance of potassium balance | potassium must be injested daily, sodium potassium pump, renal regulation and ph level help to maintain balance |
| magnesiums role | second most abundent cation in intracellular fluid |
| functions of magnesium | promote enzyme reactions, helps produce and use ATP, takes part in DNA productiona and protein synthesis, influences vasodilation and cardiac contractility, neurotransmission, production of pth |
| maintenance of magnesium balance | gi and urinary systems regulate mg levels |
| where mg is found | more than 1/2 of the ions are free, others bind to albumin and others |
| low mg= ____ albumin | low albumin |
| chlorides role | most abundant anion in extracellular fluid |
| chloride moves with | na and k |
| function of chloride | helps maintain serum osmolarity and water balance, can combine with sodium helping the choroid plexus attract water from CSF, aids in digestion and enzyme activation (bile/gastric/pancreatic) |
| maintenance of chloride balance | depends on intake and excretion of cl, closely linked with na, inverse relationship of bicarbonate affects acid-base balance |
Created by:
littlemissnurse
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