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Unit 3 Cells Review
Cells, cell theory, basic substances, organelles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The __________ _________________ states cells come from pre-existing living cells. | cell theory |
| Which macromolecule is made of sugars? | carbohydrates |
| Which macromolecule is made of long chains of amino acids? | proteins |
| This macromolecule does not dissolve in water making it a great substance for cell membranes. | lipids |
| Macromolecules that from when long chains of nucleotides join together are called ____________ _________________. | nucleic acids |
| DNA is arranged into _________________________. | chromosomes |
| The main ingredient in cells is ____________________. | water |
| Water is ideal for ______________ substances. | dissolving |
| Main function of carbohydrates: | store energy, structural support, communication |
| Nucleic acids contain __________________________. | genetic information. |
| Vacuoles __________________ food, water, waste, etc. | store |
| This organelle contains green pigments that absorb light energy. | chloroplasts |
| What is the function of the Golgi apparatus? | package and distribute proteins |
| Describe the differences between a plant and animal cell that you may see under a microscope. | animal: round, spread out, possibly bent/looking flexible plant: neatly organized rows, close together, visible cell wall and box shape |
| These organelles make proteins and are found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. | ribosomes |
| A main difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is ____________________. | prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane surrounding their genetic information (no nulceus) eukaryotic cells have membrane bound DNA (nucleus) |
| What is the function of the mitochondria? | To make energy for the cell by taking sugar (glucose) and turning it to ATP |
| This organelle is found within the nucleus, and it creates ribosomes. | nucleolus |
| gate system for the cell; semipermeable, controls what goes in and out of the cell | cell membrane |
| rigid outer layer of plant cells | cell wall |
| gel-like fluid where organelles are found | cytoplasm |
| use chemicals to break down food and waste in the cell | lysosome |
| stores materials for the cell; plants have 1 large of these organelles while animal cells have few, smaller ones | vacuole |
| passageways to carry proteins/materials around the cell | endoplasmic reticulum (er) |
| assembles proteins | ribosomes |
| control center of the cell where genetic information is stored; found in eukaryotic cells | nucleus |
| scientist who named cells | Robert Hooke |
| scientists who studied plant and animal cells; they came to the conclusion that both types of cells share similar features | Schleiden & Schwann |
| scientist who proposed "all cells come from pre-existing cells" | Virchow |
| the three principles of the cell theory | 1. all living things are made of cells 2. the cell is the smallest unit of life 3. all cells come from pre-existing cells |
| the pigment found inside chloroplasts | chlorophyll |
Created by:
stringerk
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