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Bio12nervoussystemAC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ACh | A neurotransmitter found in neurons that carries information across the synaptic cleft |
| AchE | An enzyme that breaks down unused acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft |
| Action Potential | A short-term change in the electrical potential on the surface of a cell in response to stimulation |
| Adrenal Medulla | The inner portion of the adrenal glands that synthesizes, stores, and releases epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| Adrenalin | Hormone secreted in fight or flight circumstances by the sympathetic nervous system |
| All or none response | . . . |
| Autonomic nervous system | Neurons that are not under conscious control comprosed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems |
| axomembrane | Cell membrane of a neuron |
| axon | A long process of a neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells |
| axoplasm | The cytoplasm of a neuron |
| central nervous system | The brain, cranial nerves and spinal cord |
| cerebellum | Concerned primarily with somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone and the maintenance of balance |
| cerebrum | The portion of the brain (frontal lobes) where thought and higher function reside |
| corpus callosum | Connection between the two cerebral hemispheres comprised of nerve fibers |
| dendrite | One of the extensions of the cytoplasm of a neuron taking impulses to the cell body |
| depolarization | A reduction in the difference of electrical potential that exists across the plasma membrane of a nerve or muscle cell. |
| effector | A structure that responds to a neural stimulus |
| excitatory | A synapse in which the nerve impulse in a presynaptic cell tend to increase the probability of the postsynaptic cell to fire an action potential |
| neurotransmitter | Chemical messenger of the nervous system |
| hypothalmus | A portion of the brain which lies beneath the thalamus and secretes substances which control metabolism by exerting an influence on pituitary gland function |
| impulse | The movement of action potential along a nerve fiber in response to a stimulus |
| inhibitory neurotransmitter | A neurotransmitter that acts to prevent a neuron from firing an action potential |
| interneuron | Neuron of the central nervous system that relays impulses between sensory neuron and motor neuron |
| medulla oblongata | Subdivision of the brainstem; houses important cardiac and respiratory regulatory centres |
| meninges | The three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord |
| motor neuron | Neurons which activate muscle cells. These neurons transmits messages from the brain through the spinal cord. |
| myelin sheath | An insulating layer surrounding neurons, that dramatically increases the speed of conduction |
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Av3ry
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