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Spada Reading PSSA
PSSA Terms and Defintions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Connections | Text to self; world;or text.The reader can connect or relate what he has read to something else |
| Evaluate | To examine and judge; to say if something is good or bad - if you like it or you like it or you don't. |
| Inference | reading between the lines. Taking what the author wrote and adding it to what you already know to make an assumption |
| Prediction | making and educated guess as to what will happen next |
| Visualize | The abilty to ''see'' what you are reading |
| Compare and Contrast | Compare means to show similarities and contast means to show differnces |
| Expository text | text written to explain and convey information about a spefic topic |
| Fact vs. opinion | Fact is it something that can be proven true, and opinion is just someone else's point of view |
| Generalizations | When you make assumptions about different events events and/ or character and apply them them to new situations |
| Graphic Organizer | an organizational picture, such as Venn diagram or webbing, that helps the learner identify the important elements |
| Nonfiction | Writing that is true and the purpose is to inform. Nonfiction communicates knowledge about real people, events and/or situations. |
| Paraphrase | restate in your own words.A paraphrase is a retelling of the reading selection that includes more than just the main ideas |
| Sequential order | order in which the events in the story are presented to the reader |
| Summary | a concis(short yet detailed) explanation of a reading selection. A summary contains only the main ideas. |
| Supporting details | details that support or back up the main idea of the passage. |
| Alliteration | The repetition of beginning consonant sounds in words in a setence. Examples: sweet smell of success, a dime a dozen,bigger and better, jump for joy. |
| Figurative language | language that cannot be taken lierally since it was written to create a special effect. |
| Hyperbole | An exaggerated statement used to make a strong effect. Example: My dog is so ugly, we have to pay people to pet him. |
| Imagery | Words and phrases used specifically to help the reader to imagine each of the senses: smell,touch,sight,hearing,and taste |
| Metaphor | a comparison between two unlike things without using the words like or as. Example: Joe is a lion on the playing field. |
| Onamatopoeia | Words whose sounds express their meaning. Examples ''buzz,''crash,''whirr,''clang''hiss,''purr,''squeak,''mumble,''hush,''boom''. |
| Oxymoron | Putting two contradictory words together. Example: ''Jumbo Shrimp''Plastic Glasses,''terribly pleased,''pretty ugly'' |
| Personification | giving lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects.Example: The planets danced in their orbitz.The tree shiverd in the wind. |
| Simile | A comparison between two unlike things by using the words like or as.Example: The thunder sounded like a roaring cannon. |
| Symbol | an image,object,character,or action that stands for an idea beyond its literal meaning |
| Conflict | struggle between opposing forces in literature. |
| Characterization | The method an author uses to communicate information about the characters.Methods include:(1)character's apperance (2)character's actions (3) character's thoughts (4)character's conversations and(5) reactions of others toward the character |
| Character vs Character | a conflict between characters such as family conflict, trouble with a bully or diffculties in romance. This type of conflict is external |
| Character vs.nature | A conflict between a character and a force in nature such as a tornado,avalanche,extreme weather conditions or any type of natural disaster. This type of conflict is external |
| Character vs self | an internal conflict that takes place in a characther's mind. For example, a character may have to decide between right and wrong or between two solutions to a problem. Sometimes, a character must deal with his/her mixed feelings or emotion |
| Climax | the moment when the action of the story comes to its highest point.This usually occurs at the end of the story just before the resoulution |
| Exposition | The background information that the author provides about the setting,Plot,character or other essential story elements |
| Falling action | the part of the story following the climax where there is a sharp decline in dramatic tendion; this occurs just before the resoultion |
| Fiction | Any story that is the product of imagination rather than fact |
| Plot |
Created by:
Rad110
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