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Module 14 Vocab
Apologia Marine Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| deep ocean | the layers of ocean where light is not abundant |
| mesopelagic zone | the pelagic layer of the ocean where light can penetrate, yet without the intensity to support photosynthesis |
| deep sea | the layer located below the mesopelagic and extending down to the ocean floor where absolutely no sunlight can penetrate |
| thermocline | a thin but distinct layer in a large body of water in which temperature changes more rapidly with depth than it does in the layers above or below |
| photophores | organs that produce light |
| neutrally buoyant | organisms when, at rest, will neither float nor sink |
| bioluminescence | the production of visible light by living organisms |
| counterillumination | a type of countershading characterized by the placement of photophores on the underside of an organism's body |
| hermaphrodites | an animal that has the reproductive organs of both sexes |
| meiofauna | microscopic organisms living in between marine sediment particles |
| epifauna | benthic animals that move about the surface of the sea bottom or are firmly attached to it |
| infauna | organisms that live under the sediment of an ecosystem |
| gigantism | a situation in which an organism grows to an extreme size |
| hydrothermal vent | hot, actively spreading rift zone where heated water spews up from the crust |
| chemosynthesis | the making of organic material from inorganic substances using chemical energy |
| black smokers | formations around hydrothermal vents characterized by darkly colored, chimney-like structures |
| cold seeps | some vents located in slow-spreading environments where the water temperatures are much cooler |
| white smokers | formations around cold seeps characterized by deposits of white zinc sulfides |
| bacteriochlorophyll | a highly sensitive chemical that can capture a single photon of light about once every eight hours |
| black body radiation | infrared light emitted from any substance whose temperature is above absolute zero |
| chlorosomes | organelles which are like light funnels that collect the relatively few photons in the water and store the light energy in food molecules |
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larmstrong3
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