Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
CH 44
Drugs acting on RAAS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. ACE inhibitors "PRIL" | - Important drugs for treating hypertension, heart failure, diabetic neuropathy, and MI - used to PREVENT adverse cardiovascular events - Block production of Aldosterone - inhibit Kinase II which increases bradykinin in lungs (cough) |
| ACE inhibiors Adverse effecs | - **cough** (most common reason for discontinuing therapy) -**angiodema (life threatening allergic reaction)** - first-dose hypertension=widespread vasodilation - hyperkalemia - FETAL INJURY-discontinue immediately - Neutropenia |
| How do beneficial effects for ACE inhibitors occur? | - suppressing formation of angiotension II - dilate blood vessels |
| How are ACE inhibitors administered? | - all orally except for enalaprilat (given IV) - All given with food except for captopril & moexipril - ALL are prodrugs except for lisinopril - ALL excreted by the kidneys |
| ACE suffix? | "PRIL" |
| Do ACEs interfere w/ cardiovascular reflexes? | NO |
| Most importantly.. | - ACEs reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality causes by hypertension |
| ACE drug interactions | DO NOT TAKE WITH: - Diuretics (intensify first dose Hypotension) - Antihypertensive agents (causes additive hypotensive effects) - Drugs that raise K+ levels (ex: K+ sparing diuretics) - Lithium -NSAIDs(reduce antihypertensive effects of ACE) |
| 2. Angiotension II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) "ARTAN | - treat hypertension -heart failure - diabetic nephropathy & Retinopathy -MI - stroke -death in people at high risk for cardiovacular events |
| What do ARBs do? | - decrease the influence of angiotension II (block the action) - By decreasing aldosterone. renal excretion of NA and H2O is increased |
| DO they produce cough like ACE? | NO!! Pose much lower risks for cough - great for patients who can't tolerate ACE cough |
| ARB suffix? | "ARTAN" |
| ARB adverse effects | - DO NOT CAUSE hyperkalemia like ACEs :) - DO CAUSE: Angiodema - FETAL HARM - RENAL Failure |
| ARB drug interactions | - Hypotensive effects are additive with other hypertensive drugs |
| Administration of ARBs | - ALL given PO and be taken with or with out food |
| 3. Aliskiren - A Direct Renin Inhibior (DRI) (AKA Tekturna) | - Act on renin to inhibit the conversion of angiotension into angiotension 1 - By inhibiting angio 1, entire RAAS can be suppressed |
| Aliskiren (DRI) Therapeutic use | - Hypertension ONLY - Older hypertensives should be used over DRIs |
| Aliskiren (DRI) administration | - given orally |
| Aliskiren (DRI) adverse effects: | - DIARRHEA -Avoided during pregnancy (fetal harm) - Angiodema & cough (low risk) - hyperkalemia (if combined w/ other drugs) |
| Aldosterone Antagonists: Eplerenone (Inspra) ("ONE") | - produces selective blockade of aldosterone receptors - causes retention of K+ and increased loss of sodium and water leading to reduced blood volume and blood pressure |
| - Aldosterone Antagonists: Eplerenone (Inspra) THERAPEUTIC USE: | -Hypertension - Heart failure |
| Aldosterone Antagonists: Eplerenone (Inspra) administration | - given orally and is not effected by food |
| Aldosterone Antagonists: Eplerenone (Inspra) ADVERSE EFFECTS | -**Hyperkalemia**: occur secondary to potassium retention - diarrhea, abdominal pain, cough, fatigue, gynecomastia, & flu-like syndrome OCCUR SLIGHTLY |
| Aldosterone Antagonists: Eplerenone (Inspra):DRUG INTERACTION | - Inhibitors of CYP3A4 can increase levels of Eplernone - Drugs that raise K+ levels increase risk of Hyperkalemia |
| Aldosterone Antagonists: SPIRONOLACTONE ("ONE") | - blocks receptors for aldosterone |
| Aldosterone Antagonists: SPIRONOLACTONE beneficial effects | - hypertension & heart failure |
| Aldosterone Antagonists: SPIRONOLACTONE adverse effects | - **hyperkalemia** - gynecomastia - menstrual irregularities - impotence - hirsutism - deepening of voice |
| What does the RAAS regulate? | - BP, blood volume, and F & E balance |
| How does the RAAS act? | - through production of Angiotension II |
| What does Angiotension II cause? | - Vasoconstriction & release of aldosterone |
| What does Aldosterone do? | - acts on kidneys to promote retention of sodium and water |
| What converts angiotensinogen to angiotension 1? | - renin |
| What convert angio 1 to angio 2? | - ACE |
| What does angio 2 promote? | - secretion of aldosterone |
Created by:
KristinL
Popular Nursing sets