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Ch. 5 Heredity
Term | Definition |
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Heredity | The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
Dominant trait | The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred. |
Recessive trait | A trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits at bred. |
Gene | One set of instructions for an inherited trait |
Allele | One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
Phenotype | An organisms appearance or other detectable characterics |
Genotype | The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits |
Probability | The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event |
Homologous chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |
Meiosis | A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decrease to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells |
Sex chromosomes | One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
Pedigree | A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family |