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D - Science - Unit 7
Study Guide for Weather Formative - Winds
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is wind and what causes it? | the horizontal movement of air caused by differences in air pressure |
What causes differences in air pressure? | the result of the UNEQUAL HEATING OF EARTH’S SURFACE, which creates convection currents or movement air (wind) |
What is the Coriolis Effect? | Earth’s rotation causes winds/ocean currents to curve |
Which wind belt is the US located in? | prevailing westerly |
Which direction do the US winds and weather move? | west to east |
Where are the two areas where winds can be weak or non-existent? | Doldrums & Horse Latitudes |
Where are Doldrums found? | around the equator - 0° latitude |
Where are the Horse Latitudes found? | 30° North and South latitude |
What causes Global and Local Winds (Sea and Land Breezes)? | unequal heating of Earth's surface |
What is a land breeze? | occurs from LAND to SEA, occurs at night |
What is a sea breeze? | occurs from SEA to LAND, occurs in the daytime |
What is the jet stream? | bands of high speed wind (usually between 100 and 200 mph) |
Where do you find the jet stream? | the upper level of the troposphere about 10km above Earth’s surface |
How are air currents/winds related to ocean currents? | Both are created by convection currents; warm air/water rising and cool air/water sinking creating a current of air/water |
How is wind related to air temperature and air pressure? | Differences in temperature (unequal heating of Earth’s surface) causes differences in air pressure. |
What do difference in air temperature and air pressure cause? | air to rise and sink creating movement in the atmosphere which we call wind |
What happens to the density of warm air? | it is less dense & it rises |
What happens to the density of cool air? | it is more dense & it sinks |