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plate tectonics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| conduction | heat transfer through direct contact |
| radiation | transfer of heat through empty space |
| convection | heat transfer by the movement of a heated fluid |
| heat transfer | movement of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object |
| density | the amount of mass in a specific volume |
| continental drift | the hypothesis that all the continents had once been together but have drifted apart |
| mid-ocean ridge | the longest chain of mountains in the world |
| sea-floor spreading | the process that continually adds new material to the ocean floor |
| subduction | process by which the ocean floor sinks into the mantle through a trench |
| deep- ocean trench | deep underwater canyon |
| plate tectonics | theory explaining the formation, movement, and subduction of Earth's crust |
| lithosphere | uppermost part of the mantle and the crust form the tectonic plates |
| asthenosphere | part of the mantle that the tectonic plates float on where convection takes place |
| transform boundary | place where two plates slip past each other |
| divergent boundary | place where two plates move apart |
| convergent boundary | place where two plates come together |
| fault | a crack in Earth's surface |