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Genetics

Gregor Mendel

QuestionAnswer
Genetics The scientific study of heredity
Allele Alternate forms of a gene / factor
Genotype Combination of alleles an organism has (Tt)
Phenotype How an organism appears
Dominant An allele which is expressed (masks the other)
Recessive An allele which is present but remains unexpressed (masked)
Homozygous Both alleles for a trait are the same
Heterozygous The organism's alleles for a trait are different
What plant did Gregor Mendel experiment with? Pea plants
Law of Segregation When gametes are formed each gamete will receive one allele or the other
Law of independent assortment Two or more alleles will separate independently of each other when gametes are formed
Punnett square Square diagram that is used to predict genetic probabilites
Monohybrid cross Cross with only 1 trait
Genotypic ratio 1:2:1
Phenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1
Dihybrid cross A cross between two different genes that differ in two traits
Monohybrid cross A cross between parents that differ in the alleles they possess for one particular gene
Are all chromosomes homologous? No, all except sex chromosomes are homologous
What is ABO blood typing? The classification of human blood, there is type A, type B, type O, and type AB
Multiple Alleles When there are more than 1 alleles (ex: human blood)
Incomplete dominance A gene is not completely dominant over the other, which results in mixing
Gene interaction When any of the steps are altered, the end product of the path way may be disrupted
Codominance Both alleles are expressed equally
Who was Gregor Mendel? A monk who discovered the basic principles of heredity
Created by: kieren1
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