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Genetics
Gregor Mendel
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Genetics | The scientific study of heredity |
Allele | Alternate forms of a gene / factor |
Genotype | Combination of alleles an organism has (Tt) |
Phenotype | How an organism appears |
Dominant | An allele which is expressed (masks the other) |
Recessive | An allele which is present but remains unexpressed (masked) |
Homozygous | Both alleles for a trait are the same |
Heterozygous | The organism's alleles for a trait are different |
What plant did Gregor Mendel experiment with? | Pea plants |
Law of Segregation | When gametes are formed each gamete will receive one allele or the other |
Law of independent assortment | Two or more alleles will separate independently of each other when gametes are formed |
Punnett square | Square diagram that is used to predict genetic probabilites |
Monohybrid cross | Cross with only 1 trait |
Genotypic ratio | 1:2:1 |
Phenotypic ratio | 9:3:3:1 |
Dihybrid cross | A cross between two different genes that differ in two traits |
Monohybrid cross | A cross between parents that differ in the alleles they possess for one particular gene |
Are all chromosomes homologous? | No, all except sex chromosomes are homologous |
What is ABO blood typing? | The classification of human blood, there is type A, type B, type O, and type AB |
Multiple Alleles | When there are more than 1 alleles (ex: human blood) |
Incomplete dominance | A gene is not completely dominant over the other, which results in mixing |
Gene interaction | When any of the steps are altered, the end product of the path way may be disrupted |
Codominance | Both alleles are expressed equally |
Who was Gregor Mendel? | A monk who discovered the basic principles of heredity |