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Chapter 40
Confusion and Dementia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Changes in the _____________ and nervous system occur with aging. | Brain |
| Memory, thinking, reasoning, ability to understand, judgement, and behavior are all part of ________________ function. | Cognitive |
| Diseases, infection, hearing and vision loss, and medication side effects are some causes of ____________________. | Confusion |
| Brain _______________ can be a cause of confusion. | Injury |
| With aging, blood supply to the _______________ is reduced resulting in personality and mental changes. | Brain |
| Memory and the ability to make good _______________ can be lost as one ages. | Judgments |
| A person with confusion may not know _____________, the time, or the place they are at. | People |
| Some person gradually use the ability to ______________ daily activities. | Perform |
| Acute confusion occurs _______________. | Suddenly |
| Causes of acute confusion can be _________________, illness, injury, medications, and surgery. | Infection |
| What is the loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities? | Dementia |
| Caring for the person with confusion includes maintaining the _________-____________ cycle. | Day-night |
| To maintain the day-night cycle you should ______________ window coverings during the day. | Open |
| To maintain the day-night cycle you should close window coverings at _____________. | Night |
| To maintain the day-night cycle you should use night-_____________ at night. | Lights |
| To maintain the day-night cycle you should have the person wear ____________ clothes during the day. | Regular |
| To maintain the day-night cycle you should follow the person's ________________ as closely as possible. | Routine |
| Dementia is not a _________________ part of aging. | Normal |
| Early warning signs of dementia include recent ______________ loss that affects job skills. | Memory |
| Early warning signs of dementia include problems with _____________ tasks such as dressing, cooking, and driving. | Common |
| Early warning signs of dementia include problems with _______________ such as forgetting simple words. | Language |
| Early warning signs of dementia include getting ____________ in familiar places. | Lost |
| Early warning signs of dementia include misplacing things and putting things in _____________ places. | Odd |
| Early warning signs of dementia include personality ______________________. | Changes |
| Early warning signs of dementia include poor or decreased ________________. | Judgment |
| Early warning signs of dementia include loss of interest in __________. | Life |
| Some dementias can be _______________ if changes in the brain have not occurred. | Reversed |
| Treatable causes of dementia include _________________ and alcohol. | Medications |
| Treatable causes of dementia include delirium and _______________. | Depression |
| Tumors, head injuries, and infection are all __________________ causes of dementia. | Treatable |
| Treatable causes of dementia include heart, lung, and blood _____________ problems. | Vessel |
| Treatable causes of dementia include vision and ______________ problems. | Hearing |
| Permanent dementias result from changes in the _____________. | Brain |
| What is the most common type of permanent dementia? | Alzheimer's |
| What term means false dementia? | Pseudodementia |
| Pseudodementia can occur with ________________ and depression. | Delirium |
| What is a state of sudden, severe confusion and rapid brain changes? | Delirium |
| Delirium is usually ______________ and reversible. | Temporary |
| Delirium is common in older persons with _______________ or chronic illnesses. | Acute |
| What is the most common mental health disorder in older persons? | Depression |
| Depression, aging, and some medication side effects have ___________ signs and symptoms. | Similar |
| Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain disease in which _____________ cells that control intellectual and social function are damaged and die. | Nerve |
| Symptoms of AD usually first appear after age _______. | 60 |
| The cause of AD is _____________. | Unknown |
| The classic sign of AD is a gradual loss of _______-_________ memory. | Short-term |
| Warning signs of AD include ___________ the ability to pay bill or balance a checkbook. | Losing |
| Warning signs of AD include neglecting to _______________ or other hygiene matters. | Bathe |
| Warning signs of AD include wearing the same ____________ over and over again. | Clothes |
| Warning signs of AD include forgetting recent events, conversations, and _____________________. | Appointments |
| Warning signs of AD include forgetting _____________ including those of family members. | Names |
| Warning signs of AD include ______________ away from home. | Wandering |
| Stage 1 (or mild AD) is characterized by memory loss - forgetfulness or forgetting ______________ events. | Recent |
| Stage 1 (or mild AD) is characterized by blaming others for _____________, forgetfulness, and other problems. | Mistakes |
| Stage 1 (or mild AD) is characterized by problems performing every-day _______________. | Tasks |
| Stage 2 (or moderate AD) is characterized by a loss of ___________ control. | Impulse |
| A person with stage 2 AD may use ____________ language, poor table manners, exhibit sexual aggression, or be rude. | Foul |
| Stage 3 (or severe AD) is characterized by a total ________________ on others for care. | Dependence |
| Stage 3 (or severe AD) is characterized by being ______________ to person, time, and place. | Disoriented |
| Stage 3 (or severe AD) is characterized by being totally _______________ of urine and feces. | Incontinent |
| Persons with AD may _____________ away and get lost. | Wander |
| Person with AD have poor judgment and cannot tell what is safe or ________________. | Dangerous |
| What is the term used when a person leaves the center without staff knowledge? | Elopement |
| Pain, medication side effects, stress, restlessness, and anxiety are possible causes of ________________. | Wandering |
| MedicAlert + Safe Return is a 24-hour emergency service for persons with Alzheimer's who _____________ or have a medical emergency | Wander |
| The MedicAlert program provides each person with an ID (identification) in the form of a wallet card, _____________, or necklace. | Bracelet |
| What is it called when signs, symptoms, and behaviors of AD increase during hours of darkness? | Sundowning |
| Sundowning may relate to being ___________ or hungry. | Tired |
| Poor light or shadows in the evening may cause a person with AD to _____________ things that are not there. | See |
| What is seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling something that is not real? | Hallucination |
| Hallucinations are sometimes caused by poor __________ and hearing. | Vision |
| What are false beliefs? | Delusions |
| Some persons with AD may have the delusion that they are in jail, being ________________, or are being attacked. | Killed |
| What is a disorder of the mind in which a person has delusions and suspicion about a person or situation? | Paranoia |
| A person with AD may be paranoid that others are being __________, lying, not fair, or "out to get" him or her. | Mean |
| The National Institute on Aging (NIA) recommends these measures when working with a paranoid person: do not ____________ if the person blames you for something. | React |
| The National Institute on Aging (NIA) recommends these measures when working with a paranoid person: do not ___________ with the person. | Argue |
| The National Institute on Aging (NIA) recommends these measures when working with a paranoid person: let the person know he or she is _________________. | Safe |
| The National Institute on Aging (NIA) recommends these measures when working with a paranoid person: use __________ or gently hug the person if you can without upsetting them. | Touch |
| The National Institute on Aging (NIA) recommends these measures when working with a paranoid person: help them ____________ for missing things to help distract the person. | Search |
| A ____________________ reaction is an extreme response. | Catastrophic |
| Catastrophic reactions are common from too many ______________. | Stimuli |
| An agitated and restless person may pace, ___________, or yell. | Hit |
| You can help and an agitated or restless person by providing a calm, quiet setting and meeting ____________ needs. | Basic |
| When working with an agitated or restless person it is important to keep personal _______ within the person's sight. | Items |
| What is a special bond between people who love and respect each other? | Intimacy |
| What is a type of intimacy in which partner physically express their feelings for each other? | Sexuality |
| Sexual behaviors are labeled ______________ because of how and when they occur. | Abnormal |
| Sexual behaviors may be hard for the person with AD to ___________ and may involve the wrong person, wrong place, or wrong time. | Control |
| Persons with AD may _______________ or expose themselves in front of others. | Undress |
| Persons with AD may __________________ or engage in sexual pleasures in public. | Masturbate |
| Person with AD may mistake someone else for a sexual partner and they may _____________ and hug them. | Kiss |
| If a person is masturbating or undressing in public, lead them to their ______________. | Room |
| Sometimes when a person touches, scratches, or rubs the genitals it can signal _____________, pain, discomfort, or poor hygiene. | Infection |
| Allow __________________ for persons with AD and their partner to express normal intimacy practices such as hand holding, kissing, and touching. | Privacy |
| What type of behaviors are repeated over and over again? | Repetitive |
| Music, picture books, exercise, and movies can help ______________ a person with repetitive behaviors. | Distract |
| Talking a person for a _______________ can help distract from repetitive behaviors. | Walk |
| Communication techniques with persons with AD and other dementias include approaching the person in a ____________, quiet manner. | Calm |
| Communication techniques with persons with AD and other dementias include approaching the person from the __________. | Front |
| Communication techniques with persons with AD and other dementias include speak slowly using _____________ words and short sentences. | Simple |
| Communication techniques with persons with AD and other dementias include giving the person time to ______________ without interruptions or rushing them. | Speak |
| Communication techniques with persons with AD and other dementias include giving the person plenty of time to ____________. | Respond |
| Communication techniques with persons with AD and other dementias include not criticizing, interrupting, arguing, or _____________ with the person. | Reasoning |
| Some person with AD have ___________________ problems and may scream due to confusion and poor communication skills. | Communication |
| Possible causes of communication problems include ______________ and vision problems, pain or discomfort, fear, and fatigue. | Hearing |
| Too much or not enough __________________ may cause a person with AD to scream. | Stimulation |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include placing ______________ signs by room doors, bathrooms, dining rooms, and other areas. | Picture |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include placing _______________ plugs in electrical outlets or covering outlets with safety plates. | Safety |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include storing personal care items (shampoo, deodorant, lotion, etc.) in a ____________ place out of the reach of the person. | Safe |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include storing dangerous _________________ and supplies in a safe place. | Equipment |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include not using _____________ because they tend to increase confusion and agitation. | Restraints |
| The use of restraints requires a doctor's _________________. | Order |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include following bedtime ________________ and habits. | Routines |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include meeting food and ______________ needs. | Fluid |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include providing good _______________ care. | Skin |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include promoting ______________ and activity during the day. | Exercise |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include promoting personal ________________. | Hygiene |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include promoting oral _____________. | Hygiene |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include dressing the person in ___________-opening garments. | Front |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include selecting clothing that pulls on or closes with ________________. | Velcro |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include offering _____________ clothing choices. | Simple |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include laying clothing out in the order it will be put ___________. | On |
| Care of persons with AD and other dementias include having all needed __________________ ready for any procedure. | Equipment |
| A person with Alzheimer's may need _______________ care as death nears. | Hospice |
| You need to carefully ________________ persons with AD because they may not be able to communicate pain, fever, constipation, incontinence or other signs and symptoms. | Observe |
| Therapies and activities for persons with AD focus on the person's ____________ and past successes. | Strengths |
| Activities are based on the person _______________ and capabilities. | Preferences |
| According to OBRA, ________________ nursing units are considered restraints. | Secured |
| A ________________ diagnosis and doctor's order is required to place a person on a secured unit. | Dementia |
| Adult children who care for their own children and their aging parents are said to be in the ________________ generation. | Sandwich |
| Caregivers can suffer from anger, anxiety, ______________, depression, and sleeplessness. | Guilt |
| Caregivers needing support and encouragement may find AD support _____________ helpful. | Groups |
Created by:
na3
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