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Biology Test 1 South
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an explanation for a very general class of phenomena or observation? | Theory |
| Who observed the first cell and when? | Robert Hooke in 1665 |
| Who developed a more powerful microscope, discovered bacteria, and protozoa? | Leeuwenhoek |
| What is defined as a highly organized compartment that is bound by a thin flexible structure called a membrane, and that contains concentrated chemicals in a watery solution? | A cell |
| What are the five statements that make up The Cell Theory? | 1. All living things are made of cells. 2. All energy flow of life occurs in cells. 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. 4. Cells contain hereditary info that passes down from cells. 5. All cells are the same in chemical composition. |
| What is a proposed explanation? | A hypothesis. |
| What is something that can be measured and that must be correct if a hypothesis is valid? | A prediction. |
| What did Pasteur prove? | That cells arise from cells and not by spontaneous generation. |
| What does it mean when species are not independent and unchanging entities, but are related to one another and can change through time? | Evolution |
| Who proposed natural selection? | Darwin and Wallace |
| What explains how evolution occurs? | Natural Selection |
| What does it mean when traits can be passed on to offspring? | The characteristics are heritable. |
| What is defined as a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time? | Population |
| What or who does natural selection act on? | Individuals |
| What or who does evolutionary change act on? | Population |
| What is defined as the ability of an individual to produce offspring? | Fitness |
| What is defined as a trait that increases the fitness of an individual in an environment? | Adaptation |
| When natural selection causes populations of one species to diverge and form new species it is called? | Speciation |
| What is a family tree of organisms called? | Tree of Life |
| In science what is the effort to name and classify organisms called? | Taxonomy |
| Who created taxonomy and when? | Linnaeus in 1735 |
| What are the the seven part's of the Taxonomy from least specific to most specific? | Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. |
| What are organisms with a nucleus called? | Eukaryotes |
| What are organisms without a nucleus called? | Prokaryotes |
| What is the way of understanding actual genealogical relationship of organisms called? | Phylogeny |
| This tree shows relationships among species? | Phylogenetic Tree |
| Who created the new taxonomy level called Domain? | Woese |
| What did the new taxonomy level, Domain contain? | Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. |
Created by:
HaleyElaine
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