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Biology Module 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the biosphere | - lower atmosphere -earth's surface -lithosphere -hydrosphere |
| Biome | broad geographic region with characteristic plants and animals. identified by dominant vegetation type |
| Important aspects of climate | Temperature and rainfall patterns |
| Deserts typical latitude | 30 degrees north or south latitude |
| Where Tropical Rain Forests are typically found | around the equator |
| Why is it warmer at the equator? | Sunlight is directly over head of the equator |
| What is the biosphere | - lower atmosphere -earth's surface -lithosphere -hydrosphere |
| Biome | broad geographic region with characteristic plants and animals. identified by dominant vegetation type |
| Important aspects of climate | Temperature and rainfall patterns |
| Deserts typical latitude | 30 degrees north or south latitude |
| Where Tropical Rain Forests are typically found | around the equator |
| Why is it warmer at the equator? | Sunlight is directly over head of the equator |
| How is CO2 related to temperature? | the higher the CO2 content in the atmosphere, the higher the temperature |
| El Nino Year | When weather patterns are different than they usually are for a short period of time |
| Forests are what percent of the Earth's surface? | 30% |
| Grasslands are what percent of the Earth's surface? | 30% |
| Features of Grasslands | -Lower rain fall -Fire adapted |
| Other names for Evergreen forests | - Coniferous - Boreal Forest - Taiga |
| Deserts are what percent of the Earth's surface? | 30% |
| Tundra features | - no trees - permafrost - northern latitudes (ex. upper Canada) |
| Tropical forests recycling of nutrients: | happens rapidly |
| Aquatic ecosystems are what percent of the earth's surface? | 75% |
| Life zone is determined by? | limit of light penetration (2% of the ocean's volume) |
| The base of the marine ecosystems are? | Phytoplankton |
| What eats phytoplankton? | Zooplankton |
| What are estuaries? | Mix of salt and fresh water (river meets ocean) |
| Where is the life in lakes? | At the surface |
| Acid rain leads to? | death of plant and animal life |
| What are wetlands good for? | flood control and filtering water |
| 4 Types of Air Pollutants | - photo-chemicals (smog) - carbon dioxide (greenhouse effect) - sulfur, nitric oxides (acid rain) - CFC's (ozone depletion |
| Smog causes? | car emissions |
| Greenhouse effect causes? | burning fossil fuels, deforestation |
| Acid rain causes? | coal burning, car emissions |
| CFC's causes? | refrigerants |
| Smog is responsible for? | respiratory diseases, cancer, and death |
| Over the last 100 years the average temp has increased by? | 1 degree F |
| Over the next 100 years the average temp is expected to rise by? | 4 to 8 degrees F |
| What is the pH level of normal rain? | 5.5 |
| Eutrophication is? | over nutrients in water |
| What percent of water is used in households? | 10% |
| What percent of water is used in irrigation? | 70% |
| Where is the Ogallala Aquifer located? | East of the Rocky Mountains |
| What causes Desertification? | Overgrazing and Overcultivation |
| What percent of paper, yard waste, and plastic are there in solid waste? | Paper - 40% Yard waste - 20% Plastic - 10% |
| Where do hazardous wastes go? | Safe storage |
| Where does the majority of energy come from in developed countries? | Fossil fuels |
| Where does the majority of energy come from in developing countries? | Wood |
| How long will fossil fuels last? | 100-300 years |
| Where does nuclear waste go in the United States? | Yucca Mountain, Nevada |
| Wind power cost vs fossil fuel power cost | wind power more expensive in short term but probably cheaper in the long run |
| How to make "food go farther"? | Eat lower on the food chain |
| What happens to air in the tropics? | It rises and flows north and south |
| Matter is composed of? | Elements |
| Elements are composed of? | Atoms |
| Atoms are composed of? | protons, neutrons, and electrons |
| Atoms bond with other atoms to form? | Molecules |
| Atoms' ability to bond depends on? | Number of electrons |
| Innermost shell of an atom is filled when it has how many electrons? | 2 |
| All other shells of an atom are filled when they have how many electrons? | 8 |
| Atoms with the outermost shell filled are? | NOT reactive |
| Atoms with the outermost shell not filled are? | Reactive with atoms that will fill shell (ex. Hindenberg blimp blew up) |
| Covalent bonds? | Sharing of electrons |
| Ionic bonds? | Giving of electrons |
| Polar covalent bonds? | negative side and positive side |
| Acids are ____________ dissolved in water that _________ hydrogen ion concentration | increase |
| Bases are ___________ dissolved in water that __________ hydrogen ion concentration | decrease |
| Important elements for living things? (abv.) | CHNOPS |
| What do all organic molecules have in common? | contain carbon atoms |
| What are the 4 important organic molecules? | - carbohydrates - lipids - proteins - nucleic acids |
| Unsaturated fats have? | Double bonds of carbon |
| How many important amino acids are there? | 20 |
| What does DNA stand for? | Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
| ATP? | cells spending money (energy) |
| When was the cell theory developed? | mid 1800's |
| What is the cell theory? (3 parts) | 1. every organism is composed of cells 2. cells are the smallest unit of life 3. new cells come from existing cells |
| 2 major groups of organisms are? | - Prokaryote (bacteria) - Eukaryotes (everything else) |
| Prokaryotic cells don't have? | a nucleus or organelles |
| Which ER has ribosomes? | Rough ER |
| Where is ATP made? | Mitochondria |
| what has a cell wall? | plants and fungi |
Created by:
maryssamccunn
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