The process of change by which new species develop from preexisting species over time; at the genetic level, the process in which inherited characteristics within populations change over time; the process defined by Darwin as "descent with modification"

A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring; also the level of classification below genus and above subspecies

The trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock

Theory that states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions shaped Earth's landforms and caused extinction of some species

A model of evolution in which gradual change over a long period of time leads to biological diversity

Theory that states that the geologic processes that shape Earth are uniform through time

Differences in physical traits of an individual from the group to which it belongs

The process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survive

The human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits

Ability of a trait to be passed from one generation to the next

The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution

a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area

Measure of an organism's ability to survive and produce offspring relative to other members of a population

The study of the geographical distribution of living organisms and fossils on Earth

Body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but performs different functions

Body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism but is structurally different

Remnants of an organ or structure that functioned in an earlier ancestor

Study of fossils or extinct organisms

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Bio Chapter 10

Term	Definition
Evolution	The process of change by which new species develop from preexisting species over time; at the genetic level, the process in which inherited characteristics within populations change over time; the process defined by Darwin as "descent with modification"
Species	A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring; also the level of classification below genus and above subspecies
Fossil	The trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock
Catastrophism	Theory that states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions shaped Earth's landforms and caused extinction of some species
Gradualism	A model of evolution in which gradual change over a long period of time leads to biological diversity
Uniformitarianism	Theory that states that the geologic processes that shape Earth are uniform through time
Variation	Differences in physical traits of an individual from the group to which it belongs
Adaption	The process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survive
Artificial selection	The human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits
Heritability	Ability of a trait to be passed from one generation to the next
Natural selection	The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution
Population	a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area
Fitness	Measure of an organism's ability to survive and produce offspring relative to other members of a population
Biogeography	The study of the geographical distribution of living organisms and fossils on Earth
Homologous structure	Body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but performs different functions
Analogous structure	Body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism but is structurally different
Vestigial structure	Remnants of an organ or structure that functioned in an earlier ancestor
Paleontology	Study of fossils or extinct organisms

Created by: mariazierolf

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