Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Diuretic Therapy LPN
Nursing Implications for Diuretic Therapy LPN
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Common sites to check skin turgor Weight gain that alerts the patient or nurse to increasing edema is generally 2 lbs in 2 days | Over the sternum, on the forehead, and on the forearm. |
| Weight gain that alerts the patient or nurse to increasing edema | Generally 2 lbs in 2 days |
| Required Evaluations in diuretic therapy | dehydration: skin turgor, oral mucous membranes; location of edema, signs of reduction |
| Monitor laboratory values for changes. T or F | True |
| Obtain daily weights Measure intake and output | Assessment for Hydration |
| Restricted sodium diet Potassium intake depends on type of diuretic prescribed | Nursing Process Implementation with Diuretics |
| Keep urinal or bedpan available | Nursing Process Implementation with Diuretics |
| Heart failure Edema, adventitious lung sounds, dyspnea, change in mental status | Conditions Contributing to Excess Fluid |
| Liver disease Ascites, cirrhosis, cancer | Conditions Contributing to Excess Fluid |
| Renal disease Renal failure | Conditions Contributing to Excess Fluid |
| History of related causative disorders/factors History of current symptoms Pattern of urination Medication history Hydration status Electrolyte imbalance | Renal Function: Assessment |
| Often subtle changes, such as in mental status, muscle strength/cramps, tremors, nausea, general appearance | Electrolyte imbalance |
| Used to increase flow of urine to reduce excess water in the body Primarily used to treat heart failure, hypertension | Diuretics |
| Other uses: liver disease, renal disease, cerebral edema, increased intraocular pressure, treat hypercalcemia | Diuretics |
| reduce edema, improve symptoms of excess fluid | Therapeutic outcomes of diuretics |
| Act on the kidneys to decrease reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water. | Diuretics |
| the sites of action for thiazide and potassium-sparing drugs. | The distal tubules |
| the site of action for loop diuretics. | The loop of Henle |
| indicates volume depletion; potassium level shows diuresis is occurring too rapidly | orthostatic blood pressure |
| Take in the morning to prevent nocturia Report gain of 2 lbs in 2 days | Medication considerations for diuretics |
| Accurate measurement of fluid intake and output Purpose of diuresis Medication considerations Nutrition Health maintenance Written record/patient self-assessment form | Patient Education Considerations |
| Can cause weakness of cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and skeletal muscles | Potassium depletion |
| Susceptible people: history of renal or cardiac disease, hormonal disorders, massive trauma or burns | Electrolyte Imbalance |
| Electrolyte Imbalance values Serum potassium | < 3.5 mEq/L (hypokalemia), > 5.5 mEq/L (hyperkalemia) |
| Required assessments for Electrolyte Imbalance | Assess mental status, muscle strength and cramps, tremors, nausea, general appearance |
| Electrolyte Imbalance values Serum sodium) | < 135 mEq/L (hyponatremia), > 145 mEq/L (hypernatremia |
| Drug: acetazolamide (Diamox) | Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor |
| Weak diuretic; inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in kidney, brain, eye | Actions of acetazolamide (Diamox) |
| Reduce intraocular pressure with glaucoma; reduce seizure activity with certain types of epilepsy | Uses ofacetazolamide (Diamox) |
| bumetanide (Bumex), furosemide (Lasix), ethacrynic acid (Edecrin), torsemide (Demadex). | Sulfonamide-Type Loop Diuretics |
| Loop Diuretic used to treat hypertension. | Furosemide |
| More effective than other loop diuretics in patients with significant renal failure. | Ethacrynic acid |
| Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in ascending limb of the loop of Henle | Actions of Sulfonamide-Type Loop Diuretics |
| Treat conditions such as edema resulting from heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, renal disease | Uses of Sulfonamide-Type Loop Diuretics |
| Oral irritation, dry mouth; orthostatic hypotension | Common adverse effects of Sulfonamide-Type Loop Diuretics |
| Serious adverse effects of Sulfonamide-Type Loop Diuretics | GI: gastric irritation, abdominal pain Electrolyte imbalance: dehydration, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia Hypersensitivity: hives, rash, pruritus |
| Drug interactions of Sulfonamide-Type Loop Diuretics | Alcohol, barbiturates, narcotics: orthostatic hypotension aggravated Digoxin: may cause excessive potassium excretion, hypokalemia, digitalis toxicity |
| Used for more long-term management of heart failure and hypertension. | Thiazide Diuretics |
| Not strong diuretics; have a slow onset of action. | Thiazide Diuretics |
| Treat edema associated with heart failure, renal disease, hepatic disease, pregnancy, obesity, premenstrual syndrome | Uses of Thiazide Diuretics |
| Block reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions from the tubule | Actions of Thiazide Diuretics |
| Common adverse effects of Thiazide Diuretics | Orthostatic hypotension |
| Serious adverse effects of Thiazide Diuretics | GI: gastric irritation, nausea, vomiting Electrolyte imbalance: hypokalemia, other changes, hyperglycemia Hyperuricemia Hypersensitivity |
| Digoxin: may increase risk for toxicity Other medications also | Drug interactions of Thiazide Diuretics |
| Instruct patients not to use salt substitutes, which are high in potassium, to prevent hyperkalemia. Contraindicated in patients with renal impairment because of high risk of hyperkalemia. | Potassium-Sparing Diuretics |
| Contraindicated in patients with renal impairment because of high risk of hyperkalemia. | Potassium-Sparing Diuretics |
| Drugs: amiloride (Midamor), spironolactone (Aldactone), triamterene (Dyrenium) | Potassium-Sparing Diuretics |
| Actions of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics | Induce retention of potassium; excrete sodium at the distal renal tubules |
| Uses of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics | In combination with other diuretics to treat hypertension or heart failure, prevent hypokalemia |
| Common and serious adverse effects of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics | Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, flatulence, headache, electrolyte imbalance, dehydration |
| Electrolyte imbalance: hyperkalemia | Serious adverse effects of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics |
| Drug interactions of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics | ACE inhibitors, ARBs may increase risk for hyperkalemia Potassium supplements, certain salt substitutes may increase risk of hyperkalemia |
| Actions of Combination Diuretic Products | Potassium-sparing diuretics/thiazide diuretics |
| Uses of Combination Diuretic Products | Promote diuresis while maintaining normal potassium levels |
| Common adverse effects of Combination Diuretic Products | Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia |
| Combination Diuretic Products | Spironolactone/hydrochlorothiazide (Aldactazide) Triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide (Dyazide, Maxzide) Amiloride/hydrochlorothiazide (Moduretic) |
Created by:
TutorDavis17
Popular Nursing sets