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What Makes it Rain?
Water Cycle Assessment
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Clouds | ______ form from water or ice that has evaporated from Earth’s surface. |
| Plants | Clouds can form from ______ that give off water and oxygen as a product of photosynthesis. |
| Evaporates | When water __________, it rises from Earth’s surface into the atmosphere. |
| Atmosphere | When it evaporates and rises from Earth's surface into the __________, it takes the form of a gas called water vapor. |
| Water Vapor | The form of a gas that water takes when it evaporates is called _____ _____. |
| Cools | Water vapor turns into clouds when it _____ and condenses. |
| Condenses | When water vapor cools and _________, it turns back into liquid water or ice. |
| Seed | In order to condense, the water vapor must have a solid “____” to attach to. |
| Dust | This solid, or "seed", that water vapor must attach to can be a speck of ____ or pollen. |
| Water | Water vapor can also attach to another drop of _____ or crystal of ice. |
| Dew | ___ is water vapor that has condensed back onto Earth’s surface. |
| Grass | Examples of where dew can be found are _____ or on a car’s windshield. |
| Bigger | In order for water droplets to get ______ in a cloud, more water must condense onto other water droplets. |
| Water Droplets | When _____ ________ get too heavy to stay suspended in the cloud, they fall to Earth as rain. |
| Ice Crystals | In order ___ ________to form, the air in the cloud must be below the freezing point (32 °F or 0 °C). |
| Ground | Snow can also be formed when the air all the way down to the ______ is also freezing or below. |
| Freezing | If the layers of the atmosphere within the cloud, and between the cloud and the ground, alternate between above and below ________, you get other kinds of precipitation. |
| Hail | _____ is formed when a snowflake falls through a warmer part of the cloud and is coated with water. It then freezes again as is tossed back into a colder part, going round and round, adding more layers of new ice. Until it's too heavy to stay up. |
| Updrafts | If the ________ in a thundercloud are strong enough, the hailstones can get pretty big before they fall. |
| Hailstones | __________ can range from the size of peas to golf balls—and up! |
| Damage | Hail can cause a lot of ______ to buildings, cars, and especially crops. |
| Freezing Rain | _______ ____ occurs when falling snow first encounters a layer of warmer air, melting the snowflakes. Then, just above the surface of Earth, it meets a very cold layer, becoming "super-cooled" -turning to ice when it meets the colder-than-freezing ground. |
| Super-Cooled | The term ___________ refers to rain that is ready to freeze up at the slightest hint of encouragement. |
| Objects | Super-cooled rain can turn to ice, or freezing rain, when it hits colder-than-freezing ________ near the ground, such as roads, trees, and power lines. |
| Transparent | When freezing rain turns to ice, it coats everything with a thin, sometimes ___________, frozen film. |
| Ice | The ___ from frozen rain can become so thick and heavy that tree limbs can snap and fall across power lines. |
| Water Cycle | Clouds are the key element of the _____ _____, since they are the transporters that move water from one place to another. |
| Energy | Clouds determine how much of the Sun’s ______ is absorbed and trapped in the atmosphere. |
| Temperature | Because clouds determine how much of the Sun’s energy is absorbed and trapped in the atmosphere, they are very important in altering the __________ of the air and Earth’s surface. |
| Surface | The warmer the air is on Earth's _______, the more water it can hold. |
| Oceans | The warmer the temperature of the Earth's ______, the faster water evaporates from them. |
| Surface Winds | Notice that after a rainstorm, roads dry faster when it’s windy. This is because _______ _____ increase evaporation. |
| Satellites | __________ are important tools for atmospheric scientists and weather forecasters. |
| Weather | _______ satellites give scientists information about how clouds look from the top, and even how high they are, while also providing images and other data about the atmosphere |
| Data | The data collected by weather satellites enables meteorologists and climatologists to study Earth’s water cycle. |
| Short | Meteorologists are scientists who study _____-term weather. |
| Long | Climatologists are scientists who study ____-term climate change. |
Created by:
Aerialelia
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