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Chapter 21
Nutritional Support and IV Therapy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is giving nutrients into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through a feeding tube called? | Enteral nutrition |
| What is the process of giving a tube feeding called? | Gavage |
| A feeding tube inserted through the nose and into the stomach is called a _________ - ____________ (NG) tube. | Naso-gastric |
| A feeding tube inserted through the nose and into the small bowel (intestines) is called a naso-____________ tube. | Enteral |
| A feeding tube inserted into the stomach through a surgically created opening is called a _______________ tube. | Gastrostomy |
| A feeding tube inserted through a surgically created opening into the jejunum of the small intestines is called a __________________ tube. | Jejunostomy |
| A feeding tube inserted by the doctor using an endoscope is called a ________________ endoscopic gastrostomy tube. | Percutaneous |
| What is the abbreviation for a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube? | PEG |
| The _____________ orders the type of formula, the amount to give, and when to give tube feedings. | Doctor |
| A nurse gives the ______________ through the feeding tube. | Formula |
| Formula is given at _________ temperature. | Room |
| Cold fluids can cause __________________. | Cramping |
| What type of feeding is given over a 24 hour period using a feeding pump? | Continuous |
| What type of feeding is given at scheduled times throughout the day? | Intermittent |
| What is a major risk from tube feedings? | Aspiration |
| Aspiration can occur during _______________ of the feeding tubes. | Insertion |
| Aspiration can occur when a ___________ moves out of place. | Tube |
| Coughing, sneezing, vomiting, suctioning, and poor positioning are common cause of a tube _______________ out of place. | Moving |
| Aspiration can occur from the backwards flow of stomach contents into the mouth which is called _____________________. | Regurgitation |
| To help prevent regurgitation and aspiration you should position the person in Fowler's or semi-Fowler's position ___________ the feeding. | Before |
| To help prevent regurgitation and aspiration you should maintain Fowler's or semi-Fowler's position for 1-2 hours ____________ the feeding. | After |
| To help prevent regurgitation and aspiration you should avoid the _________ side-lying position. | Left |
| People with NG or gastrostomy tubes are at a great risk for regurgitation because these tubes empty directly into the ________________. | Stomach |
| Person with feeding tubes are usually ___________, meaning that they cannot have anything to eat or drink. | NPO |
| Comfort measures given to those persons with feeding tubes include oral hygiene every _______ hours while the person is awake. | Two |
| Comfort measures given to those persons with feeding tubes include lubrication for the ___________ every two hours while the person is awake. | Lips |
| Comfort measures given to those persons with feeding tubes include mouth ____________ every two hours while the person is awake. | Rinses |
| Feeding tubes can irritate and cause pressure on the __________. | Nose |
| It is common to clean the nose and nostrils every four to __________ hours. | Eight |
| To avoid pressure ulcers on the nose it is important to ____________ the tube to the nose. | Secure |
| To avoid pressure ulcers on the nose you should secure the tubing to the person's garment at the ___________ area. | Shoulder |
| You never ______________ feeding tubes or check their placement. | Insert |
| Who's responsibility is it to check feeding tube placement? | RN |
| If you are allowed to give a tube feeding you must first make sure the nurse has identified and _______________ all other tubes, catheters, and needles. | Labeled |
| You should normally use 30-60 mL of _______________ solution (water) when giving a tube feeding. | Flushing |
| Before giving a tube feeding you should _____________ the tube back to the insertion site. | Trace |
| ________________ nutrition is giving nutrients through a catheter inserted into a vein. | Parenteral |
| Parenteral nutrition is often called total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or _____________________. | Hyperalimentation |
| TPN risks include ____________, fluid imbalances, and blood sugar imbalances. | Infection |
| Complications of TPN include fever, chills, and other signs and symptoms of __________________. | Infection |
| Complications of TPN include __________ pain, difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. | Chest |
| Complications of TPN include stomach discomfort including nausea and __________________. | Vomitting |
| Complications of TPN include signs any symptoms of __________ imbalances such as increased thirst, sweating, or trembling. | Sugar |
| Complications of TPN include rapid __________ rate or an irregular heartbeat. | Heart |
| Complications of TPN include ________________ or behavior changes. | Confusion |
| Giving fluids through a needle or catheter inserted into a vein is called ________________ (IV) therapy. | Intravenous |
| __________________ IV sites are away from the center of the body. | Peripheral |
| The back of the ____________ and the inner forearm are common peripheral IV sites. | Hand |
| The _______________ orders the amount of fluid to give and the amount of time to give it in. | Doctor |
| The RN sets the _____________ for the flow rate or programs the rate into an electronic pump. | Clamp |
| If the person is using an electronic pump and you hear an alarm sound you need to tell the ___________ at once. | Nurse |
| To check the flow rate you need to count the number of __________ in one minutes. | Drops |
| When checking the flow rate you need to notify the nurse at once if no _____________ is dripping. | Fluid |
| When checking the flow rate you need to notify the nurse at once if the __________ is too fast. | Rate |
| When checking the __________ rate you need to notify the nurse at once if the rate is too slow. | Flow |
| Nursing assistants never ___________ or maintain IV therapy. | Start |
| Nursing assistants do not regulate the _________ __________ or change IV bags. | Flow rate |
| Nursing assistants never give blood or IV _______________. | Medications |
| Your state may allow you to change _____________ at peripheral IV sites. | Dressing |
| Your state may allow you to _______________ a peripheral IV. | Discontinue |
| Safety measure for IV therapy include following ______________ Precautions and the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard. | Standard |
| Safety measure for IV therapy include not moving the needle or ______________. | Catheter |
| Safety measure for IV therapy include following the ___________ measures for restraint use. | Safety |
| Safety measure for IV therapy include Protecting the IV bag, ___________, and needle or catheter when the person walks. | Tubing |
| Safety measure for IV therapy include using the _____________ arm for blood pressures. | Opposite |
| Safety measure for IV therapy include telling the nurse at once if ________________ occurs at the insertion site. | Bleeding |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: bleeding | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: fever | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: drop in blood pressure | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: cyanosis | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: puffiness | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: complaint of pain at or above the IV site | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: pulse rate greater than 100 beats per minute | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: shortness of breath or difficulty breathing | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: hot skin near the site | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: decreasing or no urine output | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: chest pain | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: cold skin near the site | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: pale or reddened skin | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: irregular pulse | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: confusion of changes in mental function | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: swelling | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: leaking fluid | Local |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: nausea | Systemic |
| Identify if the following is a local or systemic complication of IV therapy: loss of consciousness | Systemic |
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na3
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