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Science Test

Science Test on Friday

TermDefinition
Force -Any push or pull on an object -Has strength and direction -Measured with a springscale -Unit is Newtons (N) -Types include applied force, air, gravity, magnetic, electric, etc.
Net Force -Total overall forces acting upon an object -Forces in the same direction add up -Forces in opposite directions subtract
Measuring force with a spring scale 1) Zero out spring scale 2) Determine scale 3) Take measurement OPTIONAL- 4) Team check
Force diagram Shows all forces acting on an object
Unbalanced Force -A nonzero net force that causes an object to accelerate -If an object is not moving, it will move -If an object is moving, it will speed up, slow down, or turn
Balanced Force -A zero net force that does not cause an object to accelerate -If an object is not moving, then it will not move -It an object is moving, then it will move at a constant velocity
Mass The amount of matter in an object
Weight The force of gravity acting upon an object
Formula for weight W=mg NOTE: On earth, gravity is 9.8
Does gravity change? The gravitational force affecting your and other objects changes depending on mass and distance
What is Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation? The force of gravity acts between all the objects in the universe
What does the strength of gravity depend on? The masses of objects and the distance between their centers
Formula for gravity between two objects Fg= m1*m3/d^2
What is Fa? Applied force
What is Ff Frictional force
Friction A force that opposes motion and slows down moving objects
What does friction depend on? 1) Texture (rougher surfaces require more force) 2) Normal force
What are the forms of friction? 1) Static (stationary) 2) Kinetic (moving)
What are the types of friction? 1) Sliding (one surface slides over another) 2) Rollings (one surface rolls over another) 3) Fluid (When one surface moves on/through a fluid)
What is fluid friction? A force that occurs between a moving object and a fluid (liquid or gas) that slows the object down
What does fluid friction depend on? 1) Shape (Bulkier, non-streamlined objects tend to create more friction) 2) Speed (The faster something is going, the more friction there is)
What is free fall? When the only force acting upon an object is gravity.
Which way will objects fall when they are in free fall? In the direction of the net force (usually down)
What is terminal velocity and when does it occur? When the downward force of gravity is cancelled out by the upward force of air resistance. The object no longer accelerates, it moves at a constant speed.
What is a projectile? An object that is in free fall but moving horizontally at the same time. It could be thrown, kicked, or shot. The motion looks similar to that of a parabola.
Created by: MC150
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