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Earth Science

Chapter 11

TermDefinition
fossil any remains or trace of a formally living thing preserved by natural processes.
marine organisms plants and animals that live in the sea
replacement dissolved minerals and often replaced by materials in hard parts of animals and plants
permineralization process when mineral water fills the space where something is decaying and creates a cast
compression fossils formed when the crushing weight of overlying sediment squashes the organism flat.
exoskeleton the external skeleton of insects, crabs and other antropodsM
microfossils microscopic fossils. eg: mammal teeth, plankton shells and plant spores
phytoliths plant spores
scavengers animals that eat dead tissues and animals.
3 places fossils are found rocks, loose sediments, and traps.
how old is the world 7000 years old
when did the flood occur that produced most of the fossils about 5500 years ago
Trace fossil not the organism itself but a sign that they lived
Hydrocarbons made of mostly hydrogen and carbon
oil and gas are less dense than water or rock so they tend to flow upward through rocks and collect in oil traps
fossil fuel A natural energy source that is believed to have formed to from fossilized organisms.
coal A metamorphic, organic sedimentary rock formed from fossilized terrestrial plant matter.
lignite Dark brown, soft, crumbly, coal that is about 30% carbon and includes liquid organic substances.
bituminous Moderately dense, hard coal that is dark brown to black in color and is about 70% carbon
anthracite densets and hardest form of coal that is very dark and is more than 90% carbon
petroleum crude oil as taken from the ground; traditionally known as liquid fossil fuel made of decomposed fossil marine organisms
natural gas A gaseous fuel often found with petroleum
Created by: CJF1103
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