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Chapter 9
Chapter 9 Review- Biology; Cellular Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a calorie (lower-case "c") is the amount of energy needed to raise: | 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius |
| 1 gram of glucose when burned in the presence of oxygen releases how many calories? | 3811 calories |
| The Calorie (upper-case "C") used on food labels is equal to how many calories (lower-case "c") | 1000 |
| The first stage of cellular respiration is: | Glycolysis |
| Glycolysis takes place where? | cytoplasm |
| What is glycolysis? | The breaking/splitting of glucose for energy |
| How many ATP are needed to start Glycolysis? | 2 ATP |
| What are the 3 products of glycolysis? | 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 Pyruvic Acid |
| Why do we say we only have a net-gain of 2 ATP from Glycolysis? | Because 2 ATP is required to start the process of Glycolysis; even though 4 ATP are produced, we only gain 2 ATP. |
| Does Glycolysis produce a small or large amounts of energy? | Small amounts of energy |
| What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration? | C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy |
| When oxygen isn't present at the end of Glycolysis, what process happens? | Fermentation |
| Aerobic means: | Oxygen is present |
| Anaerobic means: | Oxygen is not present |
| What kind of fermentation happens in yeasts? | Alcoholic Fermentation |
| What kind of fermentation happens in humans? | Lactic Acid Fermentation |
| What is the product of lactic acid fermentation? | Lactic Acid |
| When does lactic acid fermentation occur in humans? When we are doing what? | Rapid Exercise |
| How do you know lactic acid is being produced in your body? | It burns |
| What are the products of alcoholic fermentation? | Alcohol and CO2 (carbon dioxide) |
| How did you know carbon dioxide was produced from our fermentation lab? | the balloon inflated with carbon dioxide |
| How did you know alcohol was produced from our fermentation lab? | the smell of the test tube smelled like alcohol. |
| Where do the Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain take place? | mitochondrion |
| Pyruvic acid moves into the mitochodria during the Krebs Cycle and is broken into what gas? | Carbon Dioxide |
| Coenzyme A joins the 2 carbon molecule forming what during the Krebs Cycle | acetyl-CoA |
| Acetyl-CoA joins other carbon compounds during the Krebs Cycle to form what kind of acid? | Citric Acid |
| Citric acid is broken down during the Krebs Cycle releasing more carbon dioxide and electrons join NAD and FAD forming what? | NADH and FADH2 |
| How many ATP molecules are gained from the Krebs Cycle? | 2 ATP |
| What process uses high-energy electrons formed in the Krebs Cycle to convert ADP to ATP? | Electron Transport Chain |
| High energy electrons from NADH and FADH are passed along the electron transport chain from one __________ ____________ to the next. | carrier protein |
| At the end of the electron transport chain, hydrogen and oxygen combine to form what? | water |
| Many ATP molecules are produced when H+ ions move back across the membrane through the _____ ________________ causing it to spin. | ATP Synthase |
| How many ATP is produced during the electron transport chain? | 32 or 34 ATP |
| How many ATP is produced during cellular respiration | 36 or 38 ATP |
| What is split during glycolysis? | glucose molecule |
| Is Glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic? | Aerobic |
| Is the Krebs Cycle Aerobic or anaerobic? | Aerobic |
| What gas is produced during the Krebs Cycle? | Carbon Dioxide |
| What energy carriers are made during the Krebs Cycle? | NADH and FADH2 |
| What are the 3 products of the Krebs Cycle (what is made?) | 2 ATP 2FADH2 6NADH |
| What gases are used during the Electron Transport Chain? | Hydrogen and Oxygen |
| What substance is made during the Electron Transport Chain? | Water |
Created by:
mrs.bur10
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